νότος

Validation

No

Last modification

Sat, 08/17/2024 - 11:52

Word-form

νόστος

Transliteration (Word)

hostos

English translation (word)

return

Transliteration (Etymon)

notos

English translation (etymon)

South wind

Author

Eustathius of Thessalonica

Century

12 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Comm. Il., vol. 2, p. 472

Ed.

M. van der Valk, Eustathii archiepiscopi Thessalonicensis commentarii ad Homeri Iliadem pertinentes, vols. 1-4, Leiden: Brill, 1:1971; 2:1976; 3:1979; 4:1987

Quotation

Τὸ δὲ «νεώμεθα» δῆλον ὡς θέμα ἐστὶ τοῦ νόστου. ἐκ τοῦ νέεσθαι γὰρ νότος, καὶ πρὸς διαστολὴν τοῦ ἀνέμου νόστος

Translation (En)

It is clear that "neōmetha" "may we turn back" is the base of nostos "return". Fro from neesthai "to come back" comes notos "South wind", and by expansion of the name of the wind, nostos

Comment

Derivational etymology. Starting from the usual (and correct) etymology derived νόστος from νέομαι (see νόστος / νέομαι), Eustathius (or his source) adds an intermediate stp between the etymon and the lemma, deriving νότος from νέομαι (see νότος / νέομαι), and uniting thereby the two derivatives by assuming that the one is the direct etymon of the other, in a derivational chain νέομαι → νότος → νόστος. This derivation relies on purely formal criteria (νόστος can be derived from νότος by the addition of one letter), which prevail over the semantic criteria—usually in Greek etymology, it is the other way round, semantics prevail over form. If taken seriously, it would imply that νόστος etymologically means "return home thanks to the νότος" (proper meaning) and was then used by extension for any return. The formulation in Comm. Il., vol. 1, p. 322 (see Parallels) is especially interesting, for Eustathius provides the etymology deriving νόστος from νέομαι, and then adds [the square brackets materialize his additions to his own text] this new etymology, suggesting he may have found it later on. This etymology is not found anywhere else

Parallels

ibid., vol. 1, p. 322 (Ἔστι δὲ τὸ νεώμεθα ἀντὶ τοῦ νοστήσωμεν· ἀπὸ γὰρ τούτου τοῦ νέω ῥήματος ὁ νόστος [γίνεται πλεονάσαντος τοῦ σίγμα πρὸς διαστολὴν τοῦ νότος ὁ ἄνεμος.]); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 23 (ἀπὸ τοῦ νέω γὰρ ὁ νόστος γίνεται, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ σ πρὸς διαστολὴν τοῦ ἀνέμου Νότου)

Modern etymology

Belongs with νέομαι, from PIE *nes-. Cognate with Goth. ganisan "to be saved", nasjan "to save", Ved. násate "to approach, to meet" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has νόστος as a learned word, referring to the return after a long travel or a long stay away from home

Entry By

Le Feuvre