ἐναρίζω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ἔνεροι
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
eneroi
English translation (word)
the dead
Transliteration (Etymon)
enarizō
English translation (etymon)
to slay
Source
idem
Ref.
D Schol. Il. 6.480
Ed.
H. van Thiel, Scholia D in Iliadem. Proecdosis aucta et correctior, Köln 2014
Quotation
Ἔναρα. Τὰ ἀπὸ πολέμου λάφυρα. Ἐναρίζειν γάρ ἐστι τὸ φονεύειν. Διατοῦτο καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἔνεροι λέγονται.
Translation (En)
Enara "spoils". The spoils taken from the foe. Foe enarizein means "to kill", and for this reason the dead are called eneroi
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, epsilon, p. 467 (Ἔναρα <Ζ 480>. τὰ ἀπὸ πολέμου λάφυρα· ἐναρίζειν γάρ ἐστι τὸ φονεύειν, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἔνεροι)
Modern etymology
Belongs with (ἐ)νέρτεροι "inferior", ἔνερθε(ν) "below". Cognate with Arm. nerk‘in "the one below", Sanscrite naraka "hell", Umbrian nertru "on the left" (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology, starting from the poetic verb ἐναρίζω, properly "to take the spoils" of a dead warrior, but mostly used in the meaning "to kill". The dead are the "killed ones". From the formal point of view, the etymology requires the loos of the verbal suffix -ίζω (unproblematic) and a change of the vowel /a/ > /e/. From the semantic point of view, it is not fully adequate since it implies that the dead have all been killed in battle. The way out was probably that "killed in battle" was the proper meaning, whereas "dead" in general was an extended meaning.