ἐναίρω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ἔναρα
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
enara
English translation (word)
spoils
Transliteration (Etymon)
enairō
English translation (etymon)
to slay
Century
9 AD
Source
idem
Ref.
Epimerismi homerici Il. 1.191, 1a
Ed.
A. Dyck, Epimerismi homerici, pars prior epimerismos continens qui ad Iliadis librum A pertinent, Berlin 1983
Quotation
ἐναρίζοι: ἐνεστῶτος εὐκτικοῦ παρὰ τὸ ἐναίρω, ὅθεν καὶ ἔναρα λέγονται τὰ σκῦλα, γίνεται ἐναρίζοι.
Translation (En)
Enarizoi "he would slay": optative present, from enairō "to slay", from which also comes the word enara "spoils", comes enarizoi.
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, epsilon, p. 467 (Ἔναρα <Ζ 480>. τὰ ἀπὸ πολέμου λάφυρα· ἐναρίζειν γάρ ἐστι τὸ φονεύειν, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο καὶ οἱ νεκροὶ ἔνεροι); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 1, p. 127 (Ἐναρίζειν δὲ καὶ ἐναίρειν τὸ σκυλεύειν δηλοῖ, ὅθεν καὶ ἔναρα τὰ σκῦλα ἤτοι τὰ λάφυρα. λέγεται δέ ποτε ἐναίρειν καὶ ἐναρίζειν καὶ τὸ φονεύειν, οὗ παρακολούθημά ἐστι τὸ σκυλεύειν); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 153 (δοκοῦν τότε ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐναίρειν γενέσθαι ἀφ’ οὗ καὶ ἔναρα τὰ λάφυρα);
Modern etymology
Unknown (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology. It reverses the derivational relationship, since ἐναίρω is derived from ἔναρα and not the other way round. However, since it was customary for Greek scholars to take a verb as their starting point, this etymology follows the rule that nouns are derived from verbs. Since the two words are related, as the verb is the derivative of the noun, the semantic relationship is clear: the spoils are what the warrior wins over a slain foe.