ἐναραρίσκω

Validation

No

Last modification

Fri, 08/02/2024 - 12:25

Word-form

ἔναρα

Transliteration (Word)

enara

English translation (word)

spoils

Transliteration (Etymon)

enarariskō

English translation (etymon)

to fit into

Author

Aristarchus

Century

2 BC

Source

Scholia vetera in Iliadem

Ref.

A Schol. Il. 10.528b

Ed.

H. Erbse, Scholia Graeca in Homeri Iliadem (scholia vetera), vols. 1-5, 7, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1:1969; 2:1971; 3:1974; 4:1975; 5:1977; 7:1988

Quotation

ὅτι περιεκτικῶς καὶ τὰ τόξα καὶ τὸ δόρυ ἔναρα εἴρηκε σὺν τοῖς ἄλλοις. κυρίως δὲ ἔναρα λέγεται, οἷς ἐνάρηρε τὰ σώματα καὶ ἐνήρμοσται, θώραξ καὶ κυνέα

Translation (En)

For he says enara for the bow and the spear, generally speaking, with the other weapons. However, enara "spoils" properly refers to the armor into which the bodied are fitted (enarēre) and adapted (enērmostai), the corslet and the helmet

Comment

Derivational etymology, transmitted by Aristonicus and probably going back to Aristarchus. The etymon is a verb combined with a preverb and the preverb is kept in the derivation, accounting for the first syllable of the word—this was customary in ancient Greek etymology. This etymology is based on an erroneous understanding of the meaning of the word, supposed to refer in its proper meaning to the pieces of the armor fitted to the warrior's body, hence neither the bow nor the spear—although Homer refers to the spear "well fitted to his hand", which could contradict what Aristonicus says. The spoils are supposed to be properly the corslet, the helmet and the cnemids (mentioned by Orion and the D scholion and probably lost in the A scholion). That is, in Aristarchus' view, the spoils consist of the ἔντεα, the armor "inside of which" the warrior is (see ἔντεα / ἔντος).

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum, epsilon, p. 60 (Ἔναρα. κυρίως ἐν οἷς ἀρήρεται τὸ σῶμα καὶ ἐνήρμοσται· ὡς ἐπὶ θώρακος, καὶ κυνέας, καὶ κνημίδος. καὶ ἐναρίζειν, τὸ τὰ ἐναρηρότα τοῖς σώμασιν ἀφαιρεῖσθαι); D Schol. Il. 10.528 (Ἔναρα βροτόεντα. Περιεκτικῶς, τὰ τόξα καὶ τὸ δόρυ. Κυρίως δὲ ἔναρα λέγονται, ὅσα ἤραρε καὶ συνήρμοσται, θώραξ, κυνέη, καὶ κνημῖδες); Geneva Schol. Il. 10.528 (idem); Epimerismi homerici Il. 1.191,2 (ἐναρίζει: σημαίνει τρία ἡ λέξις· (1) τὸ σκυλεύω καὶ (2) τὸ φονεύω καὶ (3) τὸ ἀπολαμβάνω. | ἔναρα δὲ ἐκ τοῦ αἴρω, τὸ λαμβάνω, τὰ βασταζόμενα. | ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρῶ, τὸ ἁρμόζω, οἱονεὶ ἃ ἥρμοσται τοῖς σώμασιν, ὡς ἐπὶ θώρακος καὶ περικεφαλαίας); Suda, epsilon 1125 (Ἔναρα: κυρίως ἔναρα, ὅσα ἄραρε καὶ συνήρμοσται τῷ σώματι, οἷον θώραξ, κυνέα. περιληπτικῶς δὲ εἴρηται καὶ τὰ τόξα ἔναρα); ibid., kappa 1052 (Κατηναρισμένας: […] τὸ γὰρ σκυλεύειν ἐναρίζειν· ὅτι τὰ ἔναρα σκῦλα, παρὰ τὸ ἀρηρέναι, καὶ ἐντὸς αὐτῶν εἶναι ἡμᾶς); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 467 (Ἐναρίζοι […] ἔναρα δὲ ἐκ τοῦ αἴρω, τὸ> λαμβάνω, τὰ βασταζόμενα· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄρω, τὸ ἁρμόζω, οἱονεὶ ἃ ἥρμοσται τῷ σώματι, ὡς ἐπὶ θώρακος καὶ περικεφαλαίας); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 337 (Ἐναρίζοι: Ἀντὶ τοῦ φονεύοι· ἐκ τοῦ ἐναρίζοιμι εὐκτικοῦ, τὸ τρίτον. Ἐκ τοῦ ἐναίρω, ἐναρίζω. Σημαίνει δὲ τρία· τὸ φονεύω, καὶ τὸ ἀπολαμβάνω· κυρίως δὲ τὸ σκυλεύειν· ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐναρηρότα σώματα ἀφαιρεῖσθαι); ibid., p. 337 (Ἔναρα: Σκύλα, λάφυρα, κυρίως δὲ τὰ πολεμικὰ ὅπλα, ὡς ἐπὶ θώρακος καὶ περικεφαλαίας καὶ κνημίδος· ἐκ τοῦ αἴρω, τὸ λαμβάνω τὰ βασταζόμενα, ὡς τὸ, ‘φέροι δ’ ἔναρα βροτόεντα’. Τὰ ἀπὸ τοῦ πολέμου λαμβανόμενα. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρῶ, τὸ ἁρμόζω, ἃ ἥρμοσται τοῖς σώμασιν); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 390 (Ἔναρα· σκῦλα, λάφυρα, κυρίως δὲ τὰ πολεμικὰ ὅπλα· παρὰ τὸ ἀρηρέναι καὶ ἡρμόσθαι τῷ σώματι, ὡς ἐπὶ θώρακος κυνέης καὶ κνημῖδος· τοῦτο δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἄρω, τὸ ἁρμόζω τὸ φονεύω); ibid., epsilon 392 (Ἐναρίζειν· τὸ φονεύειν· κυρίως δὲ σκυλεύειν. Ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐναρηρότα σώματα ἀφαιρεῖσθαι· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐναίρω); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, epsilon, p. 733 (Ἔναρα. τὰ σκύλα, τὰ λάφυρα. κυρίως δὲ τὰ ἔναρα, ὅσα ἄραρε καὶ συνήρμοσται τῷ σώματι, οἷον θώραξ, κυνέα. περιληπτικῶς δὲ εἴρηται καὶ τὰ τόξα ἔναρα); Schol. in Sophoclem, Aj. 26a (vetera) (τὸ δὲ κατηναρισμένας ἄκυρον, τὸ γὰρ σκυλεύειν ἐναρίζειν καὶ τὰ ἔναρα σκῦλα παρὰ τὸ ἀρηρέναι καὶ ἐντὸς αὐτῶν εἶναι ἡμᾶς)

Modern etymology

Unknown (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre