δίδωμι + πᾶς

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No

Last modification

Wed, 04/17/2024 - 15:25

Word-form

δέπας

Transliteration (Word)

repas

English translation (word)

cup

Transliteration (Etymon)

didōmi + pâs

English translation (etymon)

to give + all

Author

Athenaeus

Century

2-3 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Deipnosophistae 11.24

Ed.

G. Kaibel, Athenaei Naucratitae deipnosophistarum libri xv, 3 vols., Leipzig: Teubner, 1-2:1887; 3:1890 (repr. 1-2:1965; 3:1966)

Quotation

καλεῖται δὲ δέπας ἤτοι ὅτι δίδοται πᾶσι τοῖς σπένδειν βουλομένοις εἴτε καὶ τοῖς πίνειν, ἢ ὅτι δύο ὦπας εἶχε· ταῦτα δὲ ἂν εἴη τὰ ὦτα

Translation (En)

It is called depas "cup", because it is given (didotai) to all (pâsi) those who want to make a libation or to drink, or because it has two holes, which are the ears (handles)

Comment

Compositional etymology, very interesting from the formal point of view. As a matter of fact, the second member is assumed to be an inflected form, namely, the dative plural of "all". Accordingly, the nominative δέπας is drawn from the dative δέπασι "given to all", and the inflected form is the starting point of the etymology (compare άρήν / ἀρά, βασιλεύς / πᾶς + λεύσσω, ἀγρός / ἀήρ, among others, and the alternative etymology for the same word δέπας / δύο + ὀπή). The first member is the root "to give", and it is not clear what form exactly is meant. The most likely hypothesis is that the starting point is the perfect δέδοται, where the initial δε- provides the initial syllable of δέπας. In that case, the first member of the compound would be identified with the reduplication. Alternatively, the starting point is either δι- of δίδωμι (still the reduplication) or δο- of δόσις, δοτός, which in modern terms is the root. In the latter case, the etymology requires a formal change of the vowel in order to provide the /e/ of δέπας. To my mind, the first hypothesis is more likely. At any rate, this etymology betrays a complete lack of morphological analysis by Greek authors save for Greek grammarians.

Parallels

Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 335 (Τὸ δὲ δέπας, οἱ μὲν οὕτω ῥηθῆναι φασὶν, ὅτι δίδοται πᾶσι σπένδειν εἴτε καὶ πίνειν, οἱ δὲ, ὅτι δύο ὦπας ἢ ὀπὰς εἶχεν ὡς ἄμφωτον)

Modern etymology

Mycenaean has di-pa /dipas/. Loanword from Anatolian (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre