καίω + δῆλος
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
κανδήλα
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
kandēlē
English translation (word)
candle
Transliteration (Etymon)
kaiō + dēlos
English translation (etymon)
to burn + clear, visible
Century
10 AD
Source
idem
Ref.
Suda, kappa 302
Ed.
A. Adler, Suidae lexicon, 4 vols. [Lexicographi Graeci 1.1-1.4. Leipzig: Teubner, 1.1:1928; 1.2:1931; 1.3:1933; 1.4:1935]
Quotation
Κανδήλα: παρὰ τὸ καίειν δῆλα
Translation (En)
Kandēla "candle": from "to burn" (kaiein) clearly (dēla)
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, kappa p. 297 (Κανδῆλα, ὅτι καιομένη δηλοῖ πάντα)
Bibliography
On the loanword and its first occurrences in Greek, see E. Dickey, Latin Loanwords in Ancient Greek. A Lexicon and Analysis, Cambridge UP, 2023, p. 174.
Modern etymology
Loanword from Latin candēla, itself derived from candeo "to shine"
Persistence in Modern Greek
Modern Greek has καντήλα (fem.) < hellenistic κανδήλα designating a big oil lamp hanging from a chain but also a special wound on the skin. There also is καντήλι (n.) "candelabra", designating the small oil lamp infront of hagiographies.
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Compositional etymology. In the wording of the Suda, δῆλα is an adverb, the candle "burns clearly". In the wording of the Gudianum, δῆλα (to be deduced from δηλοῖ) is probably the object. This is a nice example of etymologizing loanwords – the Greeks were probably not conscious that κανδήλη or κανδῆλα (the word is given with two different nominatives) was a loanword and they analyzed it as a Greek word. Anyway, even if they had been conscious that the word was borrowed from Latin candēla, there would be no contradiction in the principle since the theory that Latin was a derived variant of Aeolic (hence, Greek) was taken seriously by Latin grammarians.