δύω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
δύη
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
duē
English translation (word)
misery, hardship
Transliteration (Etymon)
duō
English translation (etymon)
to dive
Century
1 AD
Source
Apollonius Soph.
Ref.
Lexicon homericum, p. 60
Ed.
I. Bekker, Apollonii Sophistae lexicon Homericum, Berlin: Reimer, 1833 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1967)
Quotation
δύη κακοπάθεια· “ἦ γάρ με δύη ἔχει πολλή.” ὁ δὲ Ἀπίων κάκωσις, ἀπὸ τοῦ εἰσδύνειν τὰ κακά.
Translation (En)
Duē "misery", suffering. ‘ē gar me duē ekhei pollē’ "for I am prey to a cruel misery". But Apion says it means "damage", from eisdunein "to dive into" hardship.
Parallels
Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 2, p. 165 (τοιοῦτον γὰρ ἡ δύη, γινομένη κατὰ μὲν Πλούταρχον ἀπὸ τοῦ δύο ἀριθμοῦ, ἐπεὶ δυάζει, πῶς τὴν στοιχειακὴν καθ’ ὑγείαν ἑνότητα τὸ κακοπαθὲς καὶ διαλύει τὴν ἕνωσιν διὰ τῆς φθορᾶς, ἄλλως δὲ κοινῶς παρὰ τὸ δύω ῥῆμα· ἐξ οὗ καὶ ἡ ὀδύνη, δύη τις οὖσα φύσει καὶ αὐτὴ κατὰ τὸ ἀπλεόναστον, εἰ καὶ ἄλλως ἐκ τοῦ δύω κατὰ πλεονασμὸν γίνεται δύνη καὶ ὀδύνη ἡ κατὰ βάθος δύνουσα)
Modern etymology
The connection with δαίω "to burn" (Beekes, EDG) is probably incorrect. See Le Feuvre (forthcoming)
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology, the most obvious one from the formal point of view, as it does not require any formal change. δύη "misery" comes from δύω / δύνω "to dive into". The semantic relationship is rather shaky, though.