δαίω1

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Last modification

Fri, 08/11/2023 - 11:10

Word-form

δηΐς

Transliteration (Word)

daïs

English translation (word)

battle

Transliteration (Etymon)

daiō

English translation (etymon)

to kindle

Author

Eustathius of Thessalonica

Century

12 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Comm. Il. , vol. 1, p. 112

Ed.

M. Van der Valk, Eustathii archiepiscopi Thessalonicensis Commentarii in Homeri Iliadem pertinentes, Leiden, Brill, 1971-1987

Quotation

ὡς παρὰ τὸ δαίω, τὸ καίω, δῆρις ἡ μάχη, ἔτι δὲ καὶ δηΐς

Translation (En)

As from daiō "to burn" comes dēris "battle", and also dēis

Comment

Derivational etymology starting from δαίω "to burn", probably because of the adjective δήϊος "terrible", sometimes used as an epithet of fire: the battle is compared to a burning fire. Eustathius always spells δηΐς, never δαΐς.

Parallels

Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 1, p. 760 (Μάχη δὲ καυστειρὴ μυριαχοῦ τῆς ποιήσεως ἡ θερμὴ καὶ πυρόεσσα κατὰ τὸ «μάχοντο δέμας πυρός». διὸ καὶ δηϊοτής καὶ δηΐς ἡ αὐτὴ, καὶ δήϊος πόλεμος, ἀπὸ τοῦ δαίω τοῦ δηλοῦντος τὸ καίω); ibid., vol. 3, p. 149 (καυστειρὸς γὰρ καὶ πυρόεις ὁ πόλεμος, ὅθεν καὶ δηΐς, ἡ μάχη, παρὰ τὸ δαίω, τὸ καίω); ibid., vol. 4, p. 49 (Ἐκ δὲ τοῦ «δέδηεν» ἡ δηῒς γίνεται. δῆλον γὰρ ὅτι δηΐς ἐστι δαιομένη ἔρις πολέμου); ibid., vol. 2, p. 241 (ἀπὸ τοῦ δαίω γὰρ τὸ δέδηεν, ὅθεν καὶ δαῒς καὶ δηῒς ὁ καυστερὸς πόλεμος); Etym. Symeonis, delta 9 (Δάϊς· ἡ μάχη· ἐν δαῒ λυγρῇ· παρὰ τὸ δαίω, τὸ καίω, ὁ μέλλων δαίσω, ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ω δαίς, καὶ κατὰ διάλυσιν δάϊς· ἢ παρὰ τὸ δαίω τὸ κόπτω καὶ κατὰ διάλυσιν δαΐω, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ζ δαΐζω, ὁ μέλλων δαΐσω, ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ω, δαΐς); T Schol. Il. 14.387 (δαΐ: δαίω δαίσω δαῒς δαΐ, ὅθεν τὸ „δήϊος“ [unclear: either from δαίω1 "to burn" or from δαίω2 "to cut"])

Modern etymology

If δαΐ is the first member of the Mycenaean compound da-i-qo-ta = Δηιφόντης, δαΐ and δήϊος "terrible" must go back to *dā̆s-i-, which may relate them to the root of δαίομαι "to divide". Beekes, EDG, thinks the word is pre-Greek

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre