ἐπισεύω
Word
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Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
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Ed.
Quotation
Ἐπίσωτρον· παρὰ τὸ σῶ, τὸ ὁρμῶ, οὗ μέλλων σώσω, ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν σῶτρον καὶ σύνθετον ἐπίσωτρον.
Translation (En)
Episōtron "metal hoop upon the felloe": from *sō, "to set in motion", the future of which is sōsō, a verbal noun sōtron "wooden felloe of the wheel" and episōtron as a compound.
Other translation(s)
Episōtron « jante » : de *sō, « mettre en mouvement », dont le futur est sōsō, une forme nominale déverbale sōtron « roue en bois » et un composé episōtron.
Parallels
Lexicon αἱμωδεῖν, epsilon 8 (ἐπίσ<σ>ωτρα (Agath. Histt. 2,4,5): τὰ κύκλῳ τῶν τοῦ ἅρματος τροχῶν σιδήρια. παρὰ τὸ σῶ, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ὁρμῶ, ὁ μέλλων σώσω, καὶ ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν σῶτρον καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἐπί προθέσεως πλεονασμῷ τοῦ σ ἐπίσσωτρον, τὸ ἐκτὸς τῶν τροχῶν σιδήριον); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 510 (Ἐπί<σ>σωτρα <Agath. Hist. 2, 4>· τὰ κύκλῳ τῶν τοῦ ἅρματος τροχῶν σίδηρα· παρὰ τὸ σῶ, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ὁρμῶ, ὁ μέλλων σώσω, καὶ ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν σῶτρον καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἐπί προθέσεως πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ς ἐπίσσωτρον, τὸ ἐκ<τὸς> τῶν τροχῶν σιδήριον); Eustathius, Comm. Il. vol. 2, p. 180 (Ὧν τὰ ἐπίσωτρα οὕτω λέγονται διὰ τὸ ἐπιτρέχειν [ἢ παρὰ τὸ σῴζειν], ὡς ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπί προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ σῶ, τὸ ὁρμῶ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 364 (Ἐπίσσωτρα: Οἱ ἐκτὸς τῶν τροχῶν σιδήρειοι κύκλοι οἱ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν κυλιόμενοι, τὰ κύκλῳ τῶν τοῦ ἅρματος τροχῶν σιδηρᾶ, τὰ ἐπάνω τῶν τροχῶν σιδηρᾶ ἢ χαλκᾶ, ἃ καὶ κανθοὶ καλοῦνται. Παρὰ τὸ σῶ, τὸ ὁρμῶ, ὁ μέλλων σώσω· ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν σῶτρον· καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἐπὶ προθέσεως πλεονασμῷ τοῦ σ, ἐπίσσωτρον, ὁ ἔξω τῶν τροχῶν συνέχων σίδηρος); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 675 (Ἐπίσσωτρα· οἱ ἐκτὸς τῶν τροχῶν σιδήρειοι κύκλοι οἱ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν κυλιόμενοι, ἐκ τοῦ σῶ, τὸ ὁρμῶ· σῶτρον καὶ ἐπίσσωτρον); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, epsilon, p. 816 (Ἐπίσσωστρα. οἱ ἐκτὸς τῶν τροχῶν σιδήρειοι κύκλοι, οἱ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν κυλιόμενοι. σῶστρον δὲ καὶ ἐπίσσωστρον πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ς. εἴρηται δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ σῶ τὸ ὁρμῶ.); Scholia in Aeschylum, Seven against Thebes, Scholion 153n (ἐπίσωτρα λέγονται οἱ ἐπικείμενοι κύκλοι τοῖς τροχοῖς, ἤτοι οἱ κανθοί· οὕτω δὲ λέγονται διὰ τὸ ἐπιτρέχειν ἢ παρὰ τὸ σῴζειν, ὡς ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπὶ προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ σῶ τὸ ὁρμῶ); ibid., Scholion 154 (ἐπίσωτρα οἱ ἐπικείμενοι κύκλοι τοῖς τροχοῖς ἤτοι οἱ κανθοὶ οὕτω λέγονται, διὰ τὸ ἐπιτρέχειν, ὡς ἀπὸ τῆς ἐπί προθέσεως καὶ τοῦ σῶ τὸ ὁρμῶ)
Comment
It is not clear whether Philoxenus intended that as a derivational etymology or a compositional one. *Σῶ is the monosyllabic verb assumed as the base of σεύω, and ἐπισ(σ)εύω exists. In the derivational hypothesis, Philoxenus derived *σωτρον from this ghost *σῶ, he made an analogical derivation *σῶ (=σεύω): *σωτρον :: *επι-σῶ (= ἐπισεύω) : ἐπίσωτρον. In the compositional hypothesis, he derived *σωτρον from *σῶ and then created the compound ἐπίσωτρον, independently of ἐπισεύω. Orion's wording, repeated in later sources, rather agrees with the second hypothesis but Orion's wording may not be Philoxenus'. Σύνθεσις, σύνθετος in Greek terminology refers to composition as well as to preverbation.