ἄ- + εἴρω2

Validation

No

Last modification

Sat, 03/11/2023 - 22:52

Word-form

ἄρρατος

Transliteration (Word)

arratos

English translation (word)

unyielding

Transliteration (Etymon)

a- + eirō 2

English translation (etymon)

not + to say

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. *47

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Etymologicum Genuinum

Ref.

alpha 1229

Ed.

F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 1, Rome: Ateneo, 1976

Quotation

Ἄρρατος· ...Φρύνιχος δὲ (Praep. Soph. 41, 15 de B.) ἀπὸ τοῦ *ῥῶ, οὗ ὁ μέλλων ῥάσω, ὡς <δρῶ> δράσω, (ῥατὸς καὶ *ἄρατος καὶ ἄρρατος πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ.

Translation (En)

Arratos "unyielding": ... according to Phrynichos (Praep. Soph. 41, 15 de B.), from *rhō "to speak", the future of which is *rhasō, as for <drō> "to do" drasō, come *rhatos, *aratos and arratos by addition of [r].

Other translation(s)

Arratos « inflexible » : ... d'après Phrynichos (Praep. Soph. 41, 15 de B.), de *rhō « parler », dont le futur est *rhasō, comme pour <drō> « agir » drasō, viennent *rhatos, *aratos et arratos avec ajout de [r].

Comment

The word is logically parsed as a privative compound of a verbal adjective, which is probably correct. The identification of the verbal adjective, on the other hand, is not, and this word has nothing to do with the root meaning "to speak", which always has the form ῥη- (ῥήτωρ, ῥηθήσομαι). The observation on the reduplication of the initial consonant of the second member in compounds relies on similar cases like ἄλληκτος "ceaseless", ἄρρηκτος "unbreakable".

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 148 (Ἄρρατος: Οἶον ἄφθαρτος, ὁ μὴ ῥαιόμενος· ἵν’ ᾖ ὁ ἀκαταγώνιστος· ἢ ὁ ἀνέκφραστος, ἄρρητός τις ὤν· ἢ ἰσχυρὸς, ἢ δυσκίνητος. Φρύνιχος δὲ, ἀπὸ τοῦ ῥῶ· οὗ ὁ μέλλων, ῥάσω, ὡς δράσω· ῥατὸς, καὶ ἄρρατος, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ρ. Μεθόδιος. Ἔστιν ὄνομα κύριον)

Modern etymology

Privative compound, the second member may be the verbal adjective of *wert- "to twist" but Euphorion has ἄρρᾱτος, which does not agree with this hypothesis (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Eva Ferrer