ἀπό + λῶ

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No

Last modification

Sat, 03/11/2023 - 22:39

Word-form

ἀπολαύω

Transliteration (Word)

apolauō

English translation (word)

to enjoy

Transliteration (Etymon)

apo + lō

English translation (etymon)

from + to wish

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. *44

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Etymologicum Genuinum

Ref.

alpha 1052

Ed.

F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 1, Rome: Ateneo, 1976

Quotation

Ἀπολαύω· ἀπὸ τοῦ λῶ, τὸ θέλω, ὅπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ <ἐ>θέλω γέγονεν, παράγωγον λαύω, ὡς χρῶ χραύω, καὶ ἀπολαύω.

Translation (En)

Apolauō "to enjoy" : from , "to be willing" [thelō], which is made from <e>thelō, is derived *lauō, as khrauō "to wound slightly" from khrō "to fall upon", and apolauō.

Other translation(s)

Apolauō « jouir de » : à partir de , « vouloir » [thelō], qui vient pour sa part de <e>thelō, est dérivé *lauō, comme khrauō « toucher légèrement » à partir de khrō « fondre sur », puis apolauō.

Comment

Derivational etymology relying on the parallel of χραύω "to touch", derived from χρῶ "to attack". The meaning of the etymon and the lemma do not match. Maybe the grammarian assumes that ἀπολαύω means properly "to be willing to enjoy". Or the fact that "to be willing" and "to enjoy" both refer to positive mental states favors a kind of porosity. This illustrates how the semantic aspect of ancient etymology is very often based on extremely loose relationships.

Parallels

Philoxenus, fr. **671 (λεαίνω : τοῦτο (sc. λαύω) παρὰ τὸ λῶ, τὸ θέλω, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ παράγωγον λαύω καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ὄνομα λαῦος καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ε λεῦος καὶ τοῦ υ εἰς ι λεῖος· τὰ γὰρ λεῖα καὶ ὁμαλὰ θέλομεν, ὥσπερ τὰ κρημνώδη ἐκφεύγομεν); Etym. Parvum, lambda 25 (Λεαίνω· ἐκ τοῦ λεῖος· τοῦτο ἐκ τοῦ λάω, τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ λῶ, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ λαύω καὶ ὄνομα λαῦος, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ Α εἰς Ε λεῦος, καὶ τοῦ Υ εἰς Ϊ λεῖος, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ λειαίνω καὶ λεαίνω); Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 172 (Ἀπολαύσω· παρὰ τὸ λῶ, τὸ θέλω, οὗ τὸ παράγωγον <λαύω> λαύσω καὶ ἀπολαύσω); ibid., p. 172 (Ὠρίωνος Ἀπολαύω· λῶ ἐστι, τὸ θέλω· Θεόκριτος <Idyll. 1, 12> „λῇς ποτὶ τᾶν νυμφᾶν“· οὗ παράγωγον λαύω καὶ ἀπολαύω, τὸ ἀπέχειν καὶ ἀπολαμβάνειν, ἅ τις θέλει); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 126 (Ἀπολαύω: Ἀπὸ τοῦ λῶ τὸ θέλω, παράγωγον λαύω, ὡς χρῶ χραύω· καὶ ἀπολαύω.); ibid., p. 562 (Λεαίνω: [...] Τοῦτο ἐκ τοῦ λεῖον, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ὁμαλόν· τοῦτο ἐκ τοῦ λαύω, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ἀπολαύω· τοῦτο ἐκ τοῦ λῶ, τὸ θέλω, γίνεται λαύω· καὶ ῥηματικὸν ὄνομα, λαῦος); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 150 (ἀπολαύω· λῶ, τὸ θέλω, παράγωγον λαύω, ὡς χρῶ χραύω, <ψῶ ψαύω·> καὶ ἀπολαύω); ibid., vol. 1, p. 362 (ἀχρεῖον (Β 269)· ἔστι ῥῆμα χραύω χραύσω, <ὡς ψῶ ψαύω, λῶ λαύω καὶ ἀπολαύω, οἷον> (Ε 138)· χραύσει μέν τ’ αὐλῆς ὑπεράλμενος οὐδὲ δαμάσσει·)

Modern etymology

Within Greek, belongs with λεία "booty" (Hom. ληΐη). PIE *leh2u-, found in Goth. laun "reward", Lat. lucrum "gain" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Yes

Entry By

Eva Ferrer