προΐημι

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Thu, 02/23/2023 - 12:37

Word-form

φρέαρ

Transliteration (Word)

phrear

English translation (word)

artificial well

Transliteration (Etymon)

proiēmi

English translation (etymon)

to send forth

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. *28

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Orion

Ref.

Etymologicum, phi, p. 160

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig: Weigel, 1820 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 1-172

Quotation

Φρέαρ· παρὰ τὸ φρῶ, ἀφ’ οὗ τὸ εἰσφρῶ. ἀπὸ τοῦ προϊῶ κατὰ συναλιφήν. φρῶ οὖν φρέαρ· ἀναδίδωσι γὰρ καὶ προΐησι <τὴν> τῶν ὑδάτων ῥύμην.

Translation (En)

Phrear "artificial well": from *phr, from which comes eisphr "to let s.o. in". From proï "to send forward" by synalepha. Thus *phr yields phrear; because it launches and sends forth [proïēsi] the rush of the waters.

Other translation(s)

Phrear « puits »: de *phr, à partir duquel est fait eisphr « introduire ». À partir de proï « envoyer en avant » par synalèphe. *Phr [donne] donc phrear; car il fait jaillir et lance en avant [proïēsi] la force des eaux.

Comment

Derivational etymology starting from a monosyllabic verb which itself is derived from and existed form, προΐημι "to send forth". The semantic aspect is not convincing in so far as φρέαρ is never used for a font but only for a well, which does not "send" water "forth", properly speaking.

Parallels

Commentaria in Dionysii Thracis Artem grammaticam, Gr. Gr. vol. 1.3, p. 247 (φρῶ γάρ φησι ῥῆμα δηλωτικὸν τοῦ προϊέναι, παρ’ ὃ καὶ φρήν ἡ προϊεμένη ἤγουν προπέμπουσα τὰ νοήματα, καὶ φρέαρ ἀφ’ οὗ προΐεται τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ ἀφρός τοῦ α ἐπίτασιν δηλοῦντος); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, phi, p. 1825 (Φρέαρ. ἀπὸ τοῦ φρῶ, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ προϊῶ καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν καὶ τροπὴν τοῦ π εἰς φ πρῶ καὶ φρῶ. ὅθεν φρέαρ, ὡς σθένω, σθέναρ· πρόεισι γὰρ τὴν τῶν ὑδάτων ῥύμην. καὶ φρείατα, τὰ φρέατα)

Modern etymology

Old name of the font, cognate with Arm. ałbiwr "well" Goth. brunna "source". Isolated within Greek (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has φρέαρ as a learned word

Entry By

Eva Ferrer