κεῖμαι + φάος
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Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Quotation
Orion (Sturz):
Κεφαλή. ἥτις καρφαλή ἐστι. παρὰ τὸ κάρφεσθαι, ὅ ἐστι ξηραίνεσθαι. ξηρὰ γὰρ καὶ ὀστώδης αὐτὴ κατὰ Ἀπολλόδωρον.
Κελύφη ἐστὶ παρὰ τὸ σκέπειν καὶ καλύπτειν τὸν ἐγκέφαλον. τινὲς δὲ κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ λ, κεφαή τις οὖσα, ἐν ᾗ κεῖνται τὰ φάη. ἄλλοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς κυφότητος. τὸ γὰρ περιφερὲς, κυφὸν λέγεται. ἀφ’ οὗ καὶ κύμβιον, τὸ περιφερὲς ποτήριον […]
The original formulation was:
Κεφαλή. ἥτις καρφαλή ἐστι. παρὰ τὸ κάρφεσθαι, ὅ ἐστι ξηραίνεσθαι. ξηρὰ γὰρ καὶ ὀστώδης αὐτὴ. ἢ κατὰ Ἀπολλόδωρον κελύφη ἐστὶ παρὰ τὸ σκέπειν καὶ καλύπτειν τὸν ἐγκέφαλον. τινὲς δὲ κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ λ, κεφαή τις οὖσα, ἐν ᾗ κεῖνται τὰ φάη. ἄλλοι δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς κυφότητος. τὸ γὰρ περιφερὲς, κυφὸν λέγεται
Translation (En)
Transmitted text:
Kephalē "head": the dry one, from karphesthai, that is, "to dry up". Because it is dry and bony according to Apllodorus.
Keluphē "shell", from kaluptein "to cover" and protect the brain. But some say that it <was created> through addition of [l], a *kephaē, in which the eyes lie. Others, from the fact it is convex (kuphotētos), because what is round is called kuphos. From which come kumbon, the round drinking cup […]
Original formulation:
Kephalē "head": the dry one, from karphesthai, that is, "to dry up". Because it is dry and bony. Or, according to Apllodorus, keluphē "shell", from kaluptein "to cover" and protect the brain. But some say that it <was created> through addition of [l], a *kephaē, in which the eyes (phaē) lie (keintai). Others, from the fact it is convex (kuphotētos), because what is round is called kuphos. From which come kumbon, the round drinking cup […]
Parallels
Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 99 (Κεφαλή, […] Παρὰ τὸ κάρφος, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ξηρὸν, ὁ κατάξηρος τόπος, ἢ παρὰ τὸ κέλυφος, κελυφὴ, καὶ κεφαλή· ἐτυμολογεῖται δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἐκεῖσε κεῖσθαι τὰ φάη); Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 317 (Κεφαλὴ, παρὰ τὸ κάρφος καὶ φαλὴ, καὶ κεφαλὴ ὁ κατάξηρος τόπος καὶ ὀστώδης, ἢ κατὰ Ἀπολλόδωρον καλύφη τις οὖσα, παρὰ τὸ καλύπτειν καὶ σκέπειν τὸν ἐγκέφαλον· τινὲς δὲ, παρὰ τὸ ἐκεῖσε κεῖσθαι τὰ φαὴ, κεφαή τις οὖσα, καὶ κεφαλή· οἱ δὲ παρὰ τὸ κάπω τὸ πνέω, καπαλὴ καὶ κεφαλὴ, οἱονεὶ ἡ διαπνέουσα, ὅθεν καὶ κῆπος ὁ διαπνεόμενος τόπος· διὸ καὶ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις τὸν ἀνατεμνόμενον τόπον πρὸς ἀνάπαυσιν λέγομεν κῆπον, παρὰ τὸ κάπω τὸ πνέω· ἀπὸ δὲ ψυχὴν ἐκάπυσσε, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ἀπέπνευσε); Etym. Magnum Kallierges, p. 507 (Κεφαλή: Ἤτοι παρὰ τὸ κάρφεσθαι, τὸ ξηραίνεσθαι, ὁ κατάξηρος τόπος καὶ ὀστώδης· ξηρὰ γὰρ καὶ ὀστώδης· ἢ κατὰ Ἀπολλόδωρον, καλύφη τις οὖσα, παρὰ τὸ καλύπτειν καὶ σκέπειν τὸν ἐγκέφαλον. Τινὲς δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἐκεῖ κεῖσθαι τὰ φάη, κεφαή τις οὖσα, κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ λ. Οἱ δὲ, παρὰ τὸ κάπω, τὸ πνέω, καπαλὴ, καὶ κεφαλὴ, οἱονεὶ ἡ διαπνέουσα· παρὰ τὸ πνεῖν· ὅθεν καὶ κῆπος, ὁ διαπνεόμενος τόπος· διὸ καὶ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις τὸν ἀποτετμημένον τόπον πρὸς [ἄνεμον] ἀνάπνευσιν κῆπον λέγουσιν. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ κέλυφος, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ κάλυμμα); ibid., p. 310 (Ἐγκέφαλος: Παρὰ τὸ ἐγκεῖσθαι τῇ κεφαλῇ· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐκεῖ κεῖσθαι τὰ φάη [this is not the etymology of ἐγκέφαλος but the etymology of κεφαλή, second member of ἐγκέφαλος], that is, en embedded etymology, which in an older formulation had no ἤ before παρά]); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1190 (Κεφαλή. παρὰ τὸ κάρφος καρφαλὴ, καὶ κεφαλή· ὁ κατάξηρος καὶ ὀστώδης τόπος. ἢ κατὰ Ἀπολλόδωρον κελύφη τις οὖσα, παρὰ τὸ καλύφειν καὶ σκέπειν τὸν ἐγκέφαλον. τινὲς δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἐκεῖ κεῖσθαι τὰ φάη, κεφάη τις οὖσα καὶ κεφαλή. οἱ δὲ παρὰ τὸ κάπω, τὸ πνέω, καπαλὴ καὶ κεφαλή· οἱονεὶ ἡ διαπνέουσα. ὅθεν καὶ κῆπος, ὁ διαπνεόμενος τόπος. διὸ καὶ ἐν ταῖς οἰκίαις τὸν ἀποπνεόμενον τόπον πρὸς ἀνάπαυσιν κῆπον λέγομεν. παρὰ τὸ κάπω, τὸ πνέω. ‘ἀπὸ δὲ ψυχῆς ἐκάπυσεν’, ὅ ἐστιν ἀνέπνευσεν)
Comment
Compositional etymology. The second member, φάος "light", is understood in the meaning "eye", which is usual in poetry. From κεῖμαι only the initial [ke] is kept. Then a pathos is assumed, the insertion of [l]. Due to the intervention of the abbreviator of Orion, who considered κελύφη was a separate lemma instead of the etymon of κεφαλή, the etymology appears under the lemma κελύφη, with which it has nothing to do.