ὑπό + βάρος

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Last modification

Tue, 10/18/2022 - 19:05

Word-form

ὕβρις

Transliteration (Word)

hubris

English translation (word)

wanton violence

Transliteration (Etymon)

huppé + baros

English translation (etymon)

under + weight

Author

Suda

Century

10 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Suda, upsilon 14

Ed.

A. Adler, Suidae lexicon, 4 vols. [Lexicographi Graeci 1.1-1.4.] Leipzig: Teubner. 1928-1935

Quotation

Ὕβρις: ὑπόβαρός τις οὖσα· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ὕειν βάρος. 

Translation (En)

Hubris "wanton violence", a *hupobaros "slightly heavy", as it were. Or from huein "to rain" baros "weight"

Comment

This etymology is not certain. The ὑποβαρός can be either a deformation of the *ὑπόβαρις found in the Byzantine Etymologica (Gudianum, Magnum), and in that case this is the same etymology as ὕβρις / ὑφαιρέω, or be understood as an antiphrastic etymology "which has little weight", instead of "very heavy" which would be more appropriate. Maybe the first hypothesis is better. But the second etymology provided (ὕειν βάρος, probably corrupt) definitely involves βαρύς, βάρος, and the Pseudo-Zonaras understands it that way.

Parallels

Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, upsilon, p. 1760 (Ὕβρις. ἀδικία καταισχύνουσα. ὑπόβαρις τὶς οὖσα, ἡ βαροῦσα πάντας)

Modern etymology

Possibly related to the group of βριαρός. No clear etymology (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has ύβρις as a learned word, the usual word is βρισιά

Entry By

Le Feuvre