ὑφαιρέω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ὕβρις
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
hubris
English translation (word)
wanton violence
Transliteration (Etymon)
huphaireō
English translation (etymon)
to filch away
Century
11 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etym. Gudianum, upsilon, p. 539
Ed.
F. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818
Quotation
Ὕβρις, ἡ μετὰ προπηλακισμοῦ καὶ ἐπηρείας αἰκία, παρὰ τὸ ὑφαιρ<ῶ> ὕφρις, ὡς χαίρω χάρις, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ φ εἰς β, ὕβρις, οἷον, ὑπόβαρίς τις οὖσα.
Translation (En)
Hubris "wanton violence", the outrage with insult and contumely, from huphaireō "to filch away", *huphris, as khairō "to rejoice", kharis "grace", and with change of the [ph] into [b], hubris, a *hupobaris, as it were
Parallels
Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 774 (Παρὰ τὸ ὑφαιρῶ ὕφρις· καὶ τροπῇ, ὕβρις· οἷον ὑπόβαρίς τις οὖσα. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ ὑβάλλω, τὸ ἐμποδίζω, ὕβαλις· καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν, καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ λ εἰς ρ, ὕβρις)
Modern etymology
Possibly related to the group of βριαρός. No clear etymology (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
MG still has ύβρις as a learned word, the usual word is βρισιά
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology implying a series of formal modifications. The initial ὑ- orients toward a verb with the preverb ὑπο-, ὑφ- before a verb with initial aspiration, and then the φ is assumed to be changed into β. The final syllable -ρις echoes χάρις, therefore the derivation yielding χάρις is transposed to ὕβρις: χάρις : χαίρω :: ὕβρις : x = *ὑ–αιρω. therefore ὑφαιρέω (with contraction ὑφαιρῶ). The exact parallelism would yield a form *ὑφαρις, then *ὑβαρις and through syncope ὕβρις. The ghost form *ὑβαρις is the one underlying the *ὑπόβαρις, which looks like a reanalysis of ὑ- as the monosyllabic variant of ὑπο-, found in Aeolic (Hom. ὕββαλε). From the semantic point of view, the etymology is baseless.