κέρας + αἴρω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
κείρειν
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
keirō
English translation (word)
to cut, to shave
Transliteration (Etymon)
keras + airō
English translation (etymon)
horn + to lift up
Century
5 AD
Source
Idem
Ref.
Etymologicum, kappa, p. 80
Ed.
F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820
Quotation
Κείρειν. παρὰ τὸ αἴρειν καὶ ἀποκόπτειν τὸ κέρας, τουτέστι τὴν τρίχα
Translation (En)
Keirein "to shave": from "to remove" (airein) and cut the keras, that is, the hair
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 311 (Κείρειν, ἀπὸ τοῦ αἴρειν καὶ ἀποκόπτειν τὸ κέρας, ἤγουν τὴν τριχά. οὕτως ἐγώ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 508 (Κείρειν: Τὸ κόπτειν· ἀπὸ τοῦ αἴρειν καὶ ἀποκόπτειν τὸ κέρας, ἤγουν τὴν τρίχα); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1196 (Κείρειν. κόπτειν. ἀπὸ τοῦ αἴρειν καὶ ἀποκόπτειν τὰς τρίχας)
Modern etymology
Κείρω belongs to an inherited root *(s)ker- "to cut", with cognates in Arm. k͑erem "to shave", OHG sceran "to shave", Ved. kr̥ntáti "to separate" (Beekes, EDG)
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Compositional etymology starting from κέρας in the meaning "hair", and accounting for the diphthong of the present stem κείρω by a second etymon, αἴρω "to lift up", in the derived meaning of "to take away, to remove". The verb thus amounts to the full syntagm verb + object "to remove the hair". This etymology implies heavy formal manipulations, and the detail is not provided in Orion. Presumably the process was understood do be *κεαίρω, with only the first syllable of κέρας kept, and then a contraction of εαι into ει (this one was known to Greek grammarians, who one that for instance the ending of the 2sg M was in Homer -εαι whereas it is in koine -ει)