ἀ- + ἔχω
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
ἀσκός
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
askos
English translation (word)
wineskin
Transliteration (Etymon)
a- + ekhō
English translation (etymon)
not + to hold, to have
Century
9 AD
Source
idem
Ref.
Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 139
Ed.
T. Gaisford, Georgii Choerobosci epimerismi in Psalmos, vol. 3, Oxford, 1842
Quotation
Ἀσκός, παρὰ τὸ σχῶ, τὸ κρατῶ, σχος, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ ἀ ἀσκὸς, τροπῇ τοῦ δασέος εἰς ψιλόν.
Translation (En)
Askos "wineskin": from skhô "to hold", *skhos, and with the privative alpha, askos, through change of the aspirate into a non aspirate.
Parallels
Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1275 (Ἀσκός Γ 247· ὁ μὴ ἐσχισμένος· παρὰ τὸ σχῶ σχήσω ἀσχός καὶ ἀσκός); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 155 (Ἀσκός: Ἐκ τοῦ σχίζω μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α· ἢ παρὰ τὸ σχῶ, σχήσω, ἀσχὸς, καὶ ἀσκὸς, ὁ ἀβλαβὴς καὶ ὑγιὴς καὶ μὴ ἐσχισμένος).
Modern etymology
Unknown (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
MG still has ασκός as a learned word (anatomy, mythology for Aeolus' wineskin), the usual one is ασκί.
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Compositional etymology which is formally rather economical, implying only one formal manipulation, the change of the aspirate [kh] into a non aspirate [k]. However, from the semantic point of view, it is surprising that the wineskin be etymologized as "not holding", unless we assume that it refers to Aeolus' wineskin from which the winds escape in the Odyssey. Choeroboscus may have misunderstood an older explanation where the ἀ- was not the privative alpha, but the "intensive" alpha, since for Greek scholars both were one and the same: in that case the etymology would be "the containing one", which is a functional etymology fit for a wineskin. Alternatively, Choeroboscus did not understand that the σχῶ mentioned in his source (see Etym. Genuinum in the Parallels) is not ἔχω " to have" but the "preform" of σχίζω in Philoxenus' theory. The testimony of the Etym. Genuinum and the Etym. Magnum after it (see Parallels) are ambiguous: either they mix two different etymologies (σχίζω and ἔχω) or they understand σχῶ as the preform of σχίζω and they have only one etymology.