δέω1
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
δουλεύσατε, […] Ἐκ τοῦ δουλεύω· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ δοῦλος· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ δέω τὸ δεσμῶ δέος, καὶ δοῦλος πλεονασμῷ τοῦ Υ
Translation (En)
Douleusate "you were slaves": from douleuō "to be a slave". The latter comes from doulos "slave"., which comes from deō "to bind", deos and, by adjunction of [u], doulos.
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, delta, p. 377 (Δοῦλος· παρὰ τὸ δέω, τὸ δεσμεύω· ἢ παρὰ τὸ δύη, ὃ σημαίνει τὴν κακοπάθειαν, ὁ ἐν κακοπαθείᾳ ὤν); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 284 (Δοῦλος: Παρὰ τὴν δύην, ὃ σημαίνει τὴν κάκωσιν, δύηλός τις ὤν· συγκοπῇ καὶ πλεονασμῷ, δοῦλος. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ δέω, τὸ δεσμῶ, δέλος καὶ δοῦλος· τοὺς γὰρ αἰχμαλώτους ἐδέσμουν. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ δόλος, δοῦλος. Ἡρακλῆς δὲ ἐν τῷ περὶ τοῦ χρὴ καὶ δεῖ, σχηματίζει παρὰ τὸ δέω, τὸ ἐλλείπω, δέλος καὶ δοῦλος, ὁ ἐλλείπων τῇ ἀρετῇ, ὥς φησιν ὁ ποιητὴς, ‘Ἥμισυ γάρ τ’ ἀρετῆς ἀποαίνυται εὐρύοπα Ζεὺς | ἀνέρος, εὖτ’ ἄν μιν κατὰ δούλιον ἦμαρ ἕλῃσι’ (Od. 17.322-323)); Etym. Symeonis, delta 337 (Δοῦλος· παρὰ τὸ δύην, ὃ σημαίνει τὴν κάκωσιν· δύηλός τις ὢν καὶ συγκοπῇ καὶ πλεονασμῷ δοῦλος. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ δέω, τὸ δεσμῶ, δέελος καὶ ὁ δοῦλος τοὺς γὰρ αἰχμαλώτους ἐδέσμουν· ἢ παρὰ τὸ δόλος δοῦλος· ἢ παρὰ τὸ δέω, τὸ ἐλλείπω· ὁ ἐλλείπων τῇ ἀρετῇ, ὡς ὁ ποιητής· ἥμισυ γὰρ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἀποαίνυται εὐρύοπα Ζεύς […])
Comment
Derivational etymology etymologizing the slave as the "bound" one. It is not clear whether it refers to physical bonds or to metaphoric ones like the absence of freedom. The etymology is probably much older than Choeroboscus but is not explicitly attested before him. It implies one formal manipulation, the insertion of a consonant, instead of a contraction which would also have yielded the [ou] of the lemma.