χέω

Validation

No

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

λευγαλέον

Transliteration (Word)

leugaleos

English translation (word)

miserable

Transliteration (Etymon)

kheō

English translation (etymon)

to pour

Author

Etym. Genuinum

Century

9 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Genuinum, lambda 72

Ed.

K. Alpers, Bericht über Stand und Methode der Ausgabe des Etymologicum genuinum [Danske Videnskabernes Selskab, Hist.-filol. Meddelelser 44.3. Copenhagen: Munksgaard, 1969]: 29-53

Quotation

Λευγαλέον: τὸ ὑγρόν· μύρῳ λευγαλέῳ, Σοφοκλῆς· καὶ πάλιν· νῦν δέ με λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ· τῷ δι’ ὕδατος. παρὰ τὸ χεύω χευαλέον. σημαίνει δὲ καὶ τὸ ὀλέθριον παρὰ τὸ λοιγὸν λοιγαλέον· κατὰ μετάθεσιν τῶν στοιχείων λευγαλέον.

Translation (En)

Leugaleon: the moist one: ‘murōi leugaleōi’ "moist perfume", Sophocles. And also "now <I am bound to die> a liquid death" (Il. 21.281): the one in waters. From kheuō "to pour", *kheualeon. And it means the deadly one, from loigos "ruin", *loigaleon, through change of the letters, leugaleon.

Comment

Derivational etymology relying on the secondary meaning of λευγαλέος "liquid", resulting from an erroneous interpretation. What is liquid is poured, therefore the word is analyzed as a derivative of χέω, under its Homeric variant χεύω (from Aeolic). From the derivative *χευαλέος to the attested form, two formal manipulations are required, change of [kh] into [l and insertion of [g]. This exemplifies in a striking way the predominance of semantics over formal criteria, since between the lemma λευγαλέος and the etymon χεύω only [eu] is common.

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 561 (Λευγαλέον: Τὸ ὑγρόν· Σοφοκλῆς, ‘Μύρῳ λευγαλέῳ’· καὶ Ὅμηρος Ἰλιάδος φʹ, ‘Νῦν δέ με λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ εἵμαρτο ἁλῶναι’, τουτέστι τῷ δι’ ὕδατος· ἢ χαλεπῷ, ἀδόξῳ· παρὰ τὸ χεύω, χευαλέον. Σημαίνει δὲ καὶ τὸ ὀλέθριον, παρὰ τὸ λοιγὸν λοιγαλέον· καὶ μεταθέσει τῶν στοιχείων, λευγαλέον)

Modern etymology

Within Greek, connected with λυγρός ‘painful’. Cognate with Lat. lūgeō "to be sad". PIE root *leug- "to break" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre