λυγρός

Validation

No

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

λευγαλέου

Transliteration (Word)

leugaleos

English translation (word)

miserable

Transliteration (Etymon)

lugros

English translation (etymon)

baneful

Author

Scholia in Hesiodum

Source

Idem

Ref.

Scholia in Opera et dies 524-526

Ed.

A. Pertusi, Scholia vetera in Hesiodi opera et dies, Milan: Società editrice "Vita e pensiero", 1955

Quotation

[…] παρὰ τὸ λυγρὸν τοῦ λευγαλέου ῥηθέντος ὥσπερ καὶ τὸ λυγρὸν αὐτὸ πεποίηται λίαν ὑγρὸν ὄν.

Translation (En)

[…] leugaleos "miserable" being so called from lugros "baneful", as lugros itself is from what is very (lian) liquid (hugron).

Comment

The formal and semantic relationship between λευγαλέος and λυγρός is correct, as both words belong together although none is directly derived from the other.

A point remains uncertain: this explanation appears together with the etymology of λυγρός as a compound of ὑγρός "moist". Λευγαλέος was explained by some in Antiquity as meaning "liquid", and glossed δίυγρος, because of Il. 21.281 where λευγαλέῳ θανάτῳ refers to a death by drowning (see λευγαλέος / λοιγός). Does that imply an intermediate step λυγρός, in which case the etymology would be old because the use of λευγαλέος "liquid" is already attested in Sophocles? That is, the reasoning would be: "λευγαλέος comes from λυγρός, λυγρός comes from ὑγρός, therefore λευγαλέος means "watery", and this is exactly the Maning in Il. 21.281". However, λευγαλέος is never associated with λυγρός in Homeric scholarship.

Parallels

Moschopoulos, Scholia in Hesiodi Opera et dies 525a (λευγαλέοις ἀπὸ τοῦ λυγρὸν γίνεται τὸ λευγαλέον, τὸ δὲ λυγρὸν ἀπὸ τοῦ λίαν ὑγρόν· λέγεται δὲ οὕτω τὰ κακά, ὡς λύπην ἐμποιοῦντα· ἐκ γὰρ τῶν ὑγρῶν καὶ ψυχρῶν φασι τὰ λυπηρά, ἐκ δὲ τῶν θερμῶν τὰ ἡδέα)

Modern etymology

Within Greek, connected with λυγρός ‘painful’. Cognate with Lat. lūgeō "to be sad". PIE root *leug- "to break" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre