πίνω
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
φίλος (Β 56): […] εἴρηται δὲ παρὰ τὸ πίνω· ἀπὸ γὰρ συμποσίων ⸤εἰώθασιν⸥ οἱ φίλοι γ⸤ίνεσθαι⸥.
Translation (En)
Philos "friend": so called from pinō "to drink", because friendship usually comes from dining together
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, phi, p. 553 (idem); Eustathius, Comm. Il. 2, 100 Van der Valk (κατὰ δέ τινας καὶ ἐκ τοῦ πίνειν ὁ φίλος); ibid., 4, 94 (καὶ ὅρα φιλίαν ταύτην ἐξ εἰλαπίνης καὶ ὁμιλίας συμποτικῆς, ἐξ ἧς ἔοικε δεδόσθαι ἀρχὴν τοῖς ἐκ πίνειν ἐτυμολογοῦσι τὸν φίλον); Eustathius, Comm. Od. 1, 56 Stallbaum (Ὅτι τὸ, τοῖος ἐὼν οἷον αὐτὸν ἐνόησα οἴκῳ ἐν ἡμετέρῳ πίνοντά τε τερπόμενόν τε, ἀφορμή τις ἐστὶ τοῦ ἐκ τοῦ πίνειν τοὺς φίλους ἐτυμολογεῖν. καὶ ἀπὸ συμποσίου λέγειν κτᾶσθαι αὐτούς); Eustathius, Oratio 13.8 (καὶ ἄλλους δὲ ἐπιτραπεζίους, δι’ ὧν ἐδόκουν ὁ μάταιος κτᾶσθαι φίλους, οὐ τοὺς ἐκ τοῦ πίνειν, ἀλλ’ ὁποίους τὰ κατὰ πνεῦμα τὸ θεῖον ἀποτελοῦσι συσσίτια; ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 794 (Φίλος: Ἀπὸ τοῦ γινομένου κατὰ τὸ φιλεῖν ἤχου· ἢ παρὰ τὸ πίνω· ἀπὸ γὰρ συμποσίων εἰώθασιν οἱ φίλοι γίνεσθαι); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, phi, p. 1809 (Φίλος. παρὰ τὸ πίνω πίνος καὶ φίλος); Scholia in Oppinaum, Hal. 1.180 (φίλος δ’ ὁ ἐν συμποσίῳ παρὰ τὸ πίνω, πίνος καὶ φίλος); Tzetzes, Exegesis in Homeri Iliadem 1.344.9 (διαφέρει φίλος· ἑταῖρος καὶ ξένος. φίλος μὲν γὰρ ὁ συγγενὴς λέγεται παρὰ τὸ πίνω· ἑταῖρος δὲ ὁ συμπολίτης παρὰ τὸ ἔτης, ὁ πολίτης καὶ τὸ ἀρῶ, τὸ ἁρμόζω)
Comment
Derivational etymology implying two formal manipulations (changes of the two consonants), and relying on the cultural practice of the symposion. The interesting element is that the friend is not the one who drinks, as the etymology says, but who drinks with someone: the reverb συν- is fundamental for meaning, yet it is not formally the etymon