λῶ

Validation

No

Last modification

Thu, 08/05/2021 - 14:03

Word-form

λώβη

Transliteration (Word)

lōbē

English translation (word)

dishonour

Transliteration (Etymon)

English translation (etymon)

to wish

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum lambda, p. 375

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818

Quotation

Λώβη: Ἡ ὕβρις ἡ ἐπὶ κακῷ περιβόητος. Παρὰ τὸ λῶ, τὸ θέλω, κατὰ ἀντίφρασιν, ἣν οὐδεὶς θέλει· ἢ παρὰ τὸ βλάβη. Ἢ ἐκ τοῦ λωβός· τοῦτο ἐκ τοῦ λοβὸς, τοῦ διὰ τοῦ ο μικροῦ κατ’ ἐπαύξησιν· ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῶν ἠκρωτηριασμένων· οἱ γὰρ παλαιοὶ τοὺς ἔν τινι ἀτοπήματι ἁλόντας ἐνυβρίζοντες τὰ ἄκρα τῶν ὤτων ἀπέτεμνον, ὡς καὶ ὁ ποιητὴς πρὸς τὸν Ἶρον. Καὶ ταῦτα ὁ Ὠρίων· ὁ δὲ Ἡρωδιανὸς λέγει, ὅτι ἐκ τοῦ λαβὴ, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ ξίφος, γίνεται λάβη· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ α εἰς ω, λώβη, ὡς φάρος φαριαμὸς φωριαμός

Translation (En)

Lōbē: the public offense for a crime. From "to wish", by antiphrasis, the one nobody wants. Or from blabē "damage" Or from *lōbos, which comes from lobos "lobe of the ear", through lengthening of the short [o], by metaphor from those who suffer amputation of the extremities. Because the Ancients, punishing cruelly those who were caught in some crime, used to cut off the extremity of the ears, as Homer says for Iros. And this is what Orion says. But Herodian says that from labē "taking, handle", which means "sword" [oxytone] comes *lábē [paroxytone], and through change of the [a] into [ō], lōbē, as in pharos "coat", *phariamos, phōriamos

Comment

Negative etymology which is not an etymology a contrario strictly speaking: the public offense is what nobody wants, but "to wish" is not the opposite of "insult". Nevertheless, the principle of antiphrasis is the same. From the first person λῶ is derived λώβη

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 570 (idem)

Bibliography

On the etymology, see P. Ragot, "Grec homérique λωβη ou l'offense faite à Achille : étude sémantique et étymologique", Revue de Philologie 76/2, 2002, pp. 243-275.

Modern etymology

Λώβη is an action noun on the root of λαμβάνω "to take, to receive", and means "a hold" (Ragot 2002)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG has λώβα "leprosy"

Entry By

Le Feuvre