ἄνω + ὀχή
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Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Ed.
Quotation
Αὐχήν, ἀπὸ τῆς ἄνω τῆς κεφαλῆς νεύσεως, ἐπὶ τῶν αὐθάδων, ἢ ἐπί τισιν αὐχούντων.
Translation (En)
Aukhēn "neck": from the fact that the head moves above it (anō), applied to arrogant people, or to those who boast
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, alpha, p. 238 (idem); Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1423 (Αὐχήν· ὁ τράχηλος· εἴρηται παρὰ τὸ αὐχμήν αὐχήν, ὁ κατάξηρος τόπος τοῦ σώματος. ἢ παρὰ τὸ † ἔχω ὀχήν καὶ αὐχήν, ἐφ’ οὗ ὀχεῖται ἡ κεφαλή. ἢ παρὰ τὸ αὐχεῖν καὶ γαυριᾶν γίνεται αὐχήν· γαυριῶντες γὰρ καὶ ἐπαιρόμενοι ἀνατείνομεν αὐτόν· οὕτως δὲ καὶ τραχηλιᾶν τινας λέγομεν. οὕτως Μεθόδιος); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 174 (idem); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 342 ([Αὐχήν. ὁ τράχηλος. παρὰ τὸ ἀχμὴν, ὁ κατάξηρος τόπος τοῦ σώματος. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ὄχω, ὀχὴν καὶ αὐχὴν, ὑφ’ οὗ ὀχεῖται ἡ κεφαλή. ἢ παρὰ τὸ αὐχεῖν καὶ γαυριᾷν γίνεται αὐχήν. γαυριῶντες γὰρ καὶ ἐπαιρόμενοι ἀνατείνομεν αὐτόν.]); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 1.66 (μεγαυχέϊ· μεγάλα αὐχοῦντι ἐπί σοι, μεγάλου κλέους, ἐκ μεταφορᾶς τῶν ἵππων ἐχόντων μεγάλους καὶ εὐπρεπεῖς αὐχένας παρὰ τὸ αὐχεῖν, τοῦτο δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἔχω ἔχειν καὶ αὐχεῖν· ἐν αὐτῷ γὰρ ὀχεῖται ἡ κεφαλή· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ αὐχεῖν καὶ γαυριᾷν· γαυριῶντες γὰρ καὶ ἐπαιρόμενοι τὴν κεφαλὴν ὕψει ἐκτείνομεν); Scholia in Sophoclem, Aj. 298b (scholia recentiora) (αὐχὴν λέγεται ὁ τράχηλος. γίνεται δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἔχω, ὀχὴν καὶ αὐχήν. ἐφ’ οὗ ὀχεῖται ἡ κεφαλή. ἢ παρὰ τὸ αὐχεῖν καὶ γαυριᾶν· γαυριῶντες γὰρ καὶ ἐπαιρόμενοι ἀνατείνομεν τὰς κεφαλάς)
Comment
The formulation is confused: there are in fact two different etymologies, not explicit. The first one parses the word as a compound with ὀχή "support" as its second element and is found in other sources. But here ὀχή is replaced by a more usual equivalent (νεῦσις) in an elliptic etymology. The ἄνω presumably accounts for the initial [a] of αὐχήν, implying a segmentation *ἀ-οχήν → αὐχήν. The second etymology derives αὐχήν from αὐχέω "to boast", and is also found in other sources.