κάρα

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Last modification

Mon, 10/31/2022 - 13:00

Word-form

καρπός

Transliteration (Word)

karpos

English translation (word)

fruit

Transliteration (Etymon)

kara

English translation (etymon)

head

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 300

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818

Quotation

Καρπὸς, παρὰ τὸ φυῆναι αὐτὸν ἐκ τῆς κάρας, καὶ τοῦ ὀποῦ τοῦ δένδρου. τὸ γὰρ ἄκρον τοῦ σώματος ἡ κεφαλή. καὶ ἡ τοῦ δένδρου κεφαλὴ τὸ ἄκρον ἐστι καρπὸς τὸ καίριον παντὸς πράγματος, ἢ ὁ τοῦ καιροῦ παντὸς ἴδιος καρπός

Translation (En)

Karpos "fruit", from the fact that it grows from the head (karas) and the sap of the tree. Because the top of the body is the head. And the head of the tree is the top. Karpos is the achievement of any thing, or the specific fruit of all occasion.

Comment

Derivational etymology relying on a metonymy: the fruit is etymologized after the place in which it grows, namely, the "head" of the tree. It follows the acrophonic principle. Alternatively, we could have here a compositional etymology if the etymon is κάρα + ὄπος "sap": the beginning of the explanation in the Gudianum seems to orient toward the compositional etymology, but what follows only deals with κάρα.

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Probably cognate with Lat. carpō and Lith. kerpù "to cut", with zero grade of the root (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Καρπός is still used in Modern Greek designating: 1. 'the final product of a plan', 2. 'children' as the "result of marriage", 3. 'any product of human activity'.

Entry By

Le Feuvre