ἀρήγω

Validation

No

Word-form

ἀργός

Transliteration (Word)

argos

English translation (word)

idle, lazy

Transliteration (Etymon)

arēgō

English translation (etymon)

to aid

Author

Epimerismi homerici

Century

9 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Epimerismi Homeric in Iliad 1, 50d2

Ed.

A. Dyck, Epimerismi homerici, pars prior epimerismos continens qui ad Iliadis librum A pertinent, Berlin 1983

Quotation

ἀργούς: λευκούς. δύο σημαίνει ἀργός, τὸν νωθρὸν καὶ δυσκίνητον, μᾶλλον δὲ <ἀν>ενέργητον παρὰ τὸ ἀ<ε>ργός τις εἶναι ἢ βοηθείας δεόμενος, παρὰ τὸ ἀρήγω, τὸ βοηθῶ· σημαίνει δὲ καὶ καθαρὸν καὶ λευκόν, ὡς ἐνταῦθα. γίνεται παρὰ τὸ ἀήρ ἀέρος ἀργός· διειδὴς γὰρ ὁ ἀὴρ καὶ διαφανὴς καὶ δίοσμος, ἅτε λεπτομερέστερος ὤν

Translation (En)

argous "white". Argos has two meanings: the slow and hard to move one, or rather the inactive one, from the fact that someone is without work (aergos), or needs help, from arēgō "to aid". It means also "pure and shining", as here, and it comes from aēr, aeros "air", argos. Because air is transparent and limpid and lets smells diffuse, as it is an extremely subtle element

Comment

This etymology implying a syncope ([arēg] > [arg]) etymologizes the lazy and inactive one as the one who is unable to achieve anything by himself and requires external help. However, from ἀρήγω one would rather derive a noun with an active meaning "helper" than one with a passive meaning "helped, needing help". Diathesis was usually not taken into account by Greek etymologists in their semantic derivations.

Parallels

Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 187 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 136 (Ἀργός: Ὁ νωθρὸς καὶ δυσκίνητος, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀνενέργητος· παρὰ τὸ ἀεργός τις εἶναι· ἢ βοηθείας δεόμενος, παρὰ τὸ ἀρήγω τὸ βοηθῶ. Εἰ δὲ σημαίνει τὸν καθαρὸν καὶ λευκὸν, γίνεται παρὰ τὸ ἀὴρ ἀεργὸς, ὁ ἀργός. Διειδὴς γὰρ ὁ ἀὴρ καὶ διαφανὴς καὶ δίοσμος, ἅτε λεπτομερέστατος ὤν)

Modern etymology

Privative compound of ἔργον "work"

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has αργός as: 1. "slow in motion" (from Medieval Gr.), 2. slow in development (calque from French), 3. a clergy man deprived of his duties (from Medieval Gr.), 4. 'not elaborated' (a calque from English).

Entry By

Le Feuvre