ἄγαν + ἵημι
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
αἰγανέας τὰ ἀκόντια. οἱ μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ αἰγείοις ἱμᾶσιν ἠγκυλῶσθαι, οἱ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, οἱ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ διὰ τῶν αἰγείων ἱμάντων ἰέναι. λέγει δὲ οὕτω “καὶ αἰγανέας δολιχαύλους”, “καὶ αἰγανέῃσιν ἱέντες τόξοισίν τε”
Translation (En)
Aiganeas : "javelins" (akontia); for some, because they are propelled by goatskin straps; for others, because they are "thrown" (hiesthai) "with force" (agan); for others because they move thanks to their goatskin propellers. And Homer says that: ‘καὶ αἰγανέας δολιχαύλους’ (ι 156) ‘καὶ αἰγανέῃσιν ἱέντες τόξοισίν τε’ (Β 774–775)
Parallels
D Scholion Il. 2.774 (αἰγανέῃσιν] ἀκοντίοις. ἤτοι παρὰ τὸ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, ἢ παρὰ τὸ εὐθετεῖν αὐτὰς εἰς αἰγῶν ἄγραν); Geneva Scholion Il. 2.774 (idem); Etym. Genuinum, alpha 159 (Αἰγανέη (Β 774)· ἀκόντιόν τι μικρόν· ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν νεῖσθαι, τουτέστι πορεύεσθαι. ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι. ἢ διὰ τὰς αἶγας· ἐπ’ αὐτὰς γὰρ μάλιστα ἵεται. ἢ διὰ τὸ εὐθετεῖν αὐτὰς εἰς αἰγῶν ἄγρας); Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 34 (Αἰγανέη· τὸ κοντάριον· παρὰ τὸ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ι); Eustathius, Comm. Il. 1, 539 Van der Valk (Τὸ δέ «ἱέντες» πρὸς ἀκρίβειαν ἐννοίας κεῖται. οὐ γὰρ ἁπλῶς οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἀχιλλέα δίσκοις τέρπονται καὶ αἰγανέαις καὶ τόξοις, ἀλλὰ ἱέντες ἐτέρποντο, τουτέστι πέμποντες. γενικῶς δὲ ἡ λέξις αὐτοῖς ἁρμόττει. δίσκος τε γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ δίκειν, ὅ ἐστιν ἀφιέναι καὶ βάλλειν, καὶ αἰγανέα παρὰ τὸ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, καὶ ἰὸς δέ ποτε ὁ ἐκ τόξου ἱέμενος); ibid., 3, 902 (Ἔστι δὲ αἰγανέα οὐχ’ ἁπλῶς δόρυ ἀλλὰ ἐλαφρὸν καὶ μακρόν, λεγομένη οὕτω διὰ τὸ κατὰ αἰγῶν ἢ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, ὡς καὶ ἐν Ὀδυσσείᾳ δηλοῦται); Eustathius, Comm. Od. 1, 185 Stallbaum (Ἡ δὲ αἰγανέα, εἶδος ἀκοντίου ἐπιτηδείου εἰς αἰγῶν θήραν. καὶ γίνεται παρὰ τὸ ἵεσθαι κατὰ αἰγῶν. ἢ καὶ παρὰ τὸ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 28 (Αἰγανέα: Ἀκόντιόν τι μικρόν· ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, ὅ ἐστι πορεύεσθαι καὶ πέμπεσθαι, ἢ νεῖσθαι, ἢ διὰ τὸ ἀγκύλην τὴν ἐξ αἰγείου δέρματος γεγενημένην. Ἢ διὰ τὰς αἶγας· ἐπ’ αὐτὰς γὰρ μάλιστα ἵενται. Ἢ διὰ τὸ εὐθετεῖν αὐτὰς εἰς αἰγῶν ἄγρας); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 77 (Αἰγανέα. ἀκόντιον μικρὸν, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν νεῖσθαι, ὅ ἐστι πορεύεσθαι. [ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, ἢ διὰ τὰς αἶγας. ἐπ’ αὐτὰς γὰρ μάλιστα ἵεται); Scholia in Ap. Rh. Argonautica p. 191 (Arg. 2.829 αἰγανέην: ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι, ἢ διὰ τὴν ἀγκύλην τὴν ἐξ αἰγείου δέρματος γεγενημένην, ἢ διὰ τὰς αἶγας, παρὰ τὸ ἐπ’ αὐτὰς νεῖσθαι); Scholia in Od. 4.626g1 Pontani (αἰγανέῃσιν] “αἰγανέα” δὲ λέγεται τὸ σμικρὸν ἀκόντιον. γίνεται δὲ ἐκ τοῦ κατ’ αἰγὸς ἵεσθαι, ὅ ἐστι πέμπεσθαι· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν ἵεσθαι πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ι· ἢ παρὰ τὸ τὴν ἀγκύλην ἐξ αἰγείων δερμάτων εἶναι· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ κατὰ τῶν αἰγῶν νέεσθαι· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄγαν νέεσθαι); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 1.712 (Αἰγανέα τὸ ῥιπτάριον ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀΐω τὸ ὁρμῶ· ἢ αἰγανέης καὶ καταπληκτικῆς. αἰγανέης· εἶδος ἀκοντίου παρὰ τὸ δίκην αἰγὸς νέεσθαι ταχὺ, τάχα δὲ παρὰ τὸ ἄγαν νέεσθαι καὶ πορεύεσθαι)
Bibliography
For a detailed study of the different etymologies proposed by Greek scholars for the different Homeric contexts, see C. Le Feuvre, "Implicit elements in scholiasts' etymological analyses", in A. Zucker, C. Le Feuvre (Eds), Ancient and medieval Greek etymology. Theory and practice I, Berlin, de Gruyter, 2021, pp. 68-76
Comment
The word is parsed as a compound of ἄγαν and ἵεμαι "to be thrown" (although, as usual, the verb is given in the active, the meaning requires that one start from the passive). This implies a former manipulation, which remains implicit in Apollonius but is explicit in other sources, the insertion of an [I] after the initial [a]