ἀγκάς
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
ἀνάγκη, παρὰ τὸ ἄγω ἄγη καὶ ἀνάγκη, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις κρατούμενον κατὰ δύναμιν ἀφυκτότερον κρατεῖται, ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄκος, ὃ σημαίνει τὴν θεραπείαν, πρὸς ἣν ἄκος οὐκ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν
Translation (En)
Anankē, from agō "to lead", agē and anankē, since that which is mastered by the "grasp of the arms" (ankalais) is dominated by a power which one cannot flee; or from akos "remedy", which means 'cure', that against which it is impossible to find a remedy
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 129 (Ἐπιμερισμῶν τοῦ Ψαλτηρίου Ἀνάγκη <Ps. 24, 17>· ἀγκάς ἀγκή καὶ ἀνάγκη, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις κρατούμενον κατὰ δύναμιν ἀφυκτότερον κρατεῖται· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄκος, πρὸς ἣν ἄκος οὐκ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν)´Etym. Genuinum, alpha 868 ((ἀνήγκακα) δύναται δὲ καὶ σύνθετον εἶναι ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγκάζω τοῦ σημαίνοντος τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις λαμβάνω, καὶ ἐκ τούτου ⟦τοῦ⟧ ἀγκάσω ἤγκακα, καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἀνά προθέσεως ἀνήγκακα); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 106 (idem); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 56 (idem); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 215 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 95 (Ἀνάγκη: Ἡ θεὸς, παρὰ τὸ ἀνάσσω. Καὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἀνάγκη· πάντων γὰρ ἐπικρατεῖ. Εἰ δὲ ἦν ἐπίρρημα, ὀξύνετο ἂν, ὡς στενάχω, στεναχή. Παρὰ τὸ ἄγω οὖν, ἄγη· καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ κ ἀνάγκη, ἡ πάντα κρατοῦσα. Ἢ ἀγκὰς, ἀγκὴ καὶ ἀνάγκη· ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις κρατούμενον κατὰ δύναμιν ἀφυκτότερον κρατεῖται. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄκος, πρὸς ἣν ἄκος οὐκ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν)
Comment
The text in the Epimerismi in Psalmos is incomplete: the etymon *ἄγη has no justification and the justification by ἀγκάλαις corresponds to a missing etymon ἀγκάς. The complete formulation is found in the Gudianum (see Parallels). From the adverb ἀγκάς "in the arms" is derived a ghost-word *ἀγκή as an intermediate step. Necessity is etymologized through a particular type of constraint, that of the person immobilized by the grasp of the arms of an adversary. This explanation is more "visual" than the competing etymologies. It has the advantage of starting from a sequence [ank] and does not require the insertion of a consonant. It is not clear how the prefix ἀν- is understood, maybe as ἀνα- (see the Genuinum about ἀνήγκακα)