ἀ- + ἄκος
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English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
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Quotation
ἀνάγκη, παρὰ τὸ ἄγω ἄγη καὶ ἀνάγκη, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις κρατούμενον κατὰ δύναμιν ἀφυκτότερον κρατεῖται, ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄκος, ὃ σημαίνει τὴν θεραπείαν, πρὸς ἣν ἄκος οὐκ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν
Translation (En)
Anankē "necessity", from agō "to lead" (agē) and anankē, since that which is mastered by the grasp of the arms is dominated by a power which one cannot flee; or from akos "remedy", which means "cure", that against which it is impossible (ouk, scil. = an-) to find a remedy
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 129 (Ἐπιμερισμῶν τοῦ Ψαλτηρίου Ἀνάγκη <Ps. 24, 17>· ἀγκάς ἀγκή καὶ ἀνάγκη, ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις κρατούμενον κατὰ δύναμιν ἀφυκτότερον κρατεῖται· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄκος, πρὸς ἣν ἄκος οὐκ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 95 (Ἀνάγκη: Ἡ θεὸς, παρὰ τὸ ἀνάσσω. Καὶ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἀνάγκη· πάντων γὰρ ἐπικρατεῖ. Εἰ δὲ ἦν ἐπίρρημα, ὀξύνετο ἂν, ὡς στενάχω, στεναχή. Παρὰ τὸ ἄγω οὖν, ἄγη· καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ κ ἀνάγκη, ἡ πάντα κρατοῦσα. Ἢ ἀγκάς, ἀγκὴ καὶ ἀνάγκη· ἐπειδὴ τὸ ταῖς ἀγκάλαις κρατούμενον κατὰ δύναμιν ἀφυκτότερον κρατεῖται. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἄκος, πρὸς ἣν ἄκος οὐκ ἔστιν εὑρεῖν)
Comment
The word is parsed as a privative compound, which was almost automatic for word with initial ἀ-, here under the prevocalic variant ἀν-. The identification of the second element as ἄκος implies a formal manipulation, the insertion of a nasal consonant. The inflectional type is not discussed, yet Choeroboscus knew that for s-stems like ἄκος compounds are in -ής and not in -η. From the semantic point of view, necessity is defined negatively as an illness would be