χείρ + ἄγω

Validation

Yes

Word-form

χορηγός

Transliteration (Word)

khorēgos

English translation (word)

chorus-leader

Transliteration (Etymon)

kheir + agō

English translation (etymon)

hand + to lead

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum, chi, p. 568

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818

Quotation

Χορηγός, δότης, παρὰ τὸ χεὶρ χερὸς καὶ τὸ ἄγω γίνεται χερηγός· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς ο, χορηγὸς, ὁ διὰ χειρὸς ἄγων

Translation (En)

Khorēgos "chorus leader": giver. From kheir, kheros "hand", and agō "to lead" comes *kherēgos, and through change of the [e] into [o], khorēgos, he who leads by the hand

Comment

Descriptive etymology: the chorus leader leads the dancers by the hand. Formally, the etymology relies on the familiar alternation between [e] and [o]. This etymology is late. Most Greek writers correctly saw that χορηγός is a compound of χορός and has nothing to do with χείρ. Compare for instance Hesychius, Lexicon, chi 641 (χορηγός· διδάσκαλος. καὶ ὁ ἐπιδούς τι τῶν ἰδίων (Antiphan. fr. 202, 5 K.—A.). τοῦ χοροῦ ἐξάρχων), or Suda, chi 400 (Χορηγός: ὁ τοῦ χοροῦ ἡγούμενος, καὶ δοτήρ), or the scholion to Sophocles' Antigone 1145 (χοραγὲ τὸν χορὸν ἄγων). The first attestation for a derivation of χορός from χείρ is found in Choeroboscus (see χορός / χείρ), and χορηγός is not mentioned. This may be related to the semantic evolution of χορηγός, which came to mean "donator", disconnected from anything lice dance or choirs: for this meaning "donator" it was logical (in the Greek perspective) to seek an etymon compatible with that meaning, and "hand", as the "giving" body-part, is compatible

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 813 (Χορηγός: Παρὰ τὸ χεὶρ χερὸς καὶ τὸ ἄγω γίνεται χερηγός· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς ο, χορηγὸς, ὁ διὰ χειρὸς ἄγων)

Modern etymology

Compound of χορός and ἄγω

Persistence in Modern Greek

Modern Greek still has χορηγός, as a historical term and in a modern use with the meaning "sponsor" of a cultural or sports event, or for anyone to whom we owe too much in general.

Entry By

Le Feuvre