ἀ- + αἰνέω

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Thu, 08/25/2022 - 15:40

Word-form

ἀναίνετο

Transliteration (Word)

anainomai

English translation (word)

to deny

Transliteration (Etymon)

a- + aineō

English translation (etymon)

not + to speak

Author

Etym. Genuinum

Century

9 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Genuinum, alpha 807

Ed.

F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 2, Athens: Parnassos Literary Society, 1992

Quotation

Ἀναίνετο Σ 500· ‘ὁ δ’ ἀναίνετο μηδὲν ἑλέσθαι’, ἀπηρνεῖτο. ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ λιπῶ λιπαίνω καὶ ὁρμῶ ὁρμαίνω, ὑφῶ ὑφαίνω, οὕτως καὶ παρὰ τὸ ἀρνῶ, ἐξ οὗ τὸ ἀρνοῦμαι, γίνεται ἀρναίνω· καὶ ἐνδείᾳ τοῦ ρ ἀναίνω ἀναίνομαι, ὡς σκηπτροῦχος σκηπτοῦχος. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ναί ἐπίρρημα ναίνω καὶ ἀναίνω· ἢ παρὰ τὸ αἰνῶ καὶ ἀναίνω, τὸ οὐκ ἐπαινῶ, οὐ συγκατατίθεμαι, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ν. Μεθόδιος

Translation (En)

Anaineto "he refused", Il. 18.500 "he refused to accept anything", he denied. As from lipô comes lipainō "to leave" and from hormô hormainō "to set in motion" and from *huphô huphainō "to weave", similarly from arnô, from which comes arnoûmai "I deny", is derived *arnainō. And through loss of the [r], anainō, anainomai, as in *skēptroukhos skēptoukhos "holding the sceptre". Or from the adverb nai "yes, indeed", *nainō and anainō. Or from ainô "to praise", and anainō "to praise not", to disagree, through the addition of the [n]. This is what Methodius says.

Comment

The verb is correctly related to αινέω, ἐπαινέω. But it is parsed, not as a preverbal form with ἀνα-, but as a privative "to praise not", taking αἰνέω with the derived meaning "to praise" which is that of ἐπαινέω. From the notion of disagreement one can pass on to the notion of refusal. The etymology is semantically clear and formally correct

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 101 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, alpha, p. 131 (Ἀναίνετο· παρὰ τὸ ἀρνῶ, <ἐξ οὗ τὸ> ἀρνοῦμαι, ἀρναίνω, <καὶ ἐνδείᾳ τοῦ ρ ἀναίνω καὶ ἀναίνομαι>· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ναί ἐπίρρημα ναίνω καὶ ἀναίνω· ἢ παρὰ τὸ αἰνῶ, τὸ ἐπαινῶ, <ἀναίνω>, τουτέστι τὸ οὐκ ἐπαινῶ, μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α. καὶ εἰς τὸ Ἀπηνήνατο); Eustathius, Comm. Il. 2, 413 Van der Valk (Τὸ δὲ ἀνήνασθαι δηλοῖ μὲν τὸ ἀρνήσασθαι, γίνεται δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀναίνω. αὐτὸ δὲ κατὰ μέν τινας ἀπὸ τοῦ α στερητικοῦ καὶ τοῦ ναι, ἵνα εἴη ἀναίνεσθαι τὸ μὴ διὰ τοῦ ναι ἐπιρρήματος κατατίθεσθαι. κατὰ δὲ ἑτέρους ἀπὸ τῆς α στερήσεως καὶ τοῦ αἶνος, ὃ δηλοῖ τὴν συγκατάθεσιν); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 31 (ἀναίνετο (Σ 500)· ἀπηρνεῖτο· ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ λιπῶ λιπαίνω καὶ ὁρμῶ ὁρμαίνω <καὶ> ὑφῶ ὑφαίνω, οὕτως καὶ παρὰ τὸ ἀρνῶ, ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὸ ἀρνοῦμαι, ἀναίνομαι. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ναὶ ἀναίνω. ἢ παρὰ τὸ αἰνῶ καὶ ἐπαινῶ καὶ οὐ συγκατατίθεμαι); Lexicon αἱμωδεῖν, alpha 66 (ἀναίνετο (Σ 500): παρὰ τὸ ἀρνῶ ἀρν⸥οῦμαι ἀρναίνω <καὶ ἐνδείᾳ τοῦ ρ ἀναίνω>. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ναί ἐπίρρημα ναίνω ⸤καὶ ἀναίνω. ἢ παρὰ τὸ αἰνῶ, τὸ⸥ ἐπαινῶ, <ἀναίνω>, τουτέστι τὸ οὐκ ἐπαινῶ, μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 203 (Ἀναίνεται. παραιτεῖται, ἀρνεῖται. [ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ λιπῶ λιπαίνω, καὶ ὁρμῶ ὁρμαίνω, καὶ ὑφῶ ὑφαίνω, οὕτω καὶ παρὰ τὸ ἀρνῶ ἀρναίνω, καὶ ἐνδείᾳ τοῦ ρ ἀναίνω, ἀναίνομαι. ἢ παρὰ τὸ αἰνῶ, τὸ ἐπαινῶ, ἀναίνω, τὸ οὐκ ἐπαινῶ, καὶ οὐ συγκατατίθεμαι]); ibid., alpha, p. 214 (idem)

Modern etymology

Ἀναίνομαι is related within Greek to αἶνος "meaningful word, praise", αἰνέω "to praise" and comes from *ἀν(α)-αίνομαι referring to the gesture of moving the head upward to signify refusal (as in ἀνανεύω). No certain cognates outside Greek (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre