ἅμα
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Πρόσθεσις μὲν οὖν ἐστι προσθήκη στοιχείου κατ’ ἀρχὴν ἢ συλλαβῆς, οἷον σταφίς ἀσταφίς καὶ ὀσταφίς, Σπληδών Ἀσπληδών, στάχυς ἄσταχυς, ὥρα ἑώρα, ἅμα θαμά, οὖρος θοῦρος, εἱλόπεδον θειλόπεδον [ὄρος θόρος], κιδνάς σκιδνάς, αἵμων δαίμων
Translation (En)
Prosthesis "adjunction" is the addition of a letter or a syllable at the beginning <of a word>, as in staphis "raisins" / astaphis and ostaphis, Splēdōn / Asplēdōn, stakhus "(corn) ear" / astakhus, hōra "he was seing" / heōra, hama "at the same time, together" / thama, ouros "pushing" / thouros, heilopedon "drying place" / theilopedon, kidnas "having scattered" / skidnas, haimōn "knowing" / daimōn
Parallels
Tryphon, Peri pathôn 3, 2 (Πρόσθεσίς ἐστι προσθήκη κατ’ ἀρχὴν συλλαβῆς ἢ στοιχείου· συλλαβῆς μέν, οἷον σταφίς ἀσταφίς, στάχυς ἄσταχυς. στοιχείου δέ, οἷον εἱλόπεδον θειλόπεδον, οὖρος θοῦρος, κιδνάς σκιδνάς, ἅμα, θαμά, [ὅρος θόρος], καὶ τὰ τοιαῦτα); Josephus Rhacendyta, Synopsis artis rhetoricae 18, p. 566 (idem); Apollonius Dyscolus, De adverbiis, Schneider II/1.1, p. 153 (Τρύφων μέντοι τοὐναντίον φησίν, ὡς τὸ θαμά ἐπλεόνασε τῷ θ, τῇ αὐτῇ ἐτυμολογίᾳ ἀρκούμενος); Orion, Etymologicum, theta, p. 72 (Θαμά, ἅμα, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ); Orion, Etymologicum (excerpta e cod. regio Par. 2630) p. 191 (θαμειαί: παρὰ τὸ θαμά ἐπίρρημα, σημαίνει δὲ τὸ συνεχὲς καὶ πυκνόν. γίνεται οὖν θαμός θαμειός καὶ θαμειαί. τὸ δὲ θαμά ἐκ τοῦ ἅμα καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ θαμά· καὶ σεσημείωται κατὰ τὸν τόνον· οὕτως ὁ Ὠρίων); Epimerismi homerici Il. 1.52f (idem); Geneva Scholion Il. 1.52 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, theta, p. 254 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, theta, p. 254 (Θαμᾶ, παρὰ τὸ ἅμα πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ. ἅμα γὰρ τὸ πυκνῶς γινόμενον, εἰς ἕνα καιρὸν γίνεται); ibid., p. 254 (Θαμίζειν, ἀντὶ τοῦ ὁμιλεῖν, καὶ θαμίζει, πυκνῶς ἔρχεται ἐνδελεχεία ἀπὸ τοῦ θαμᾶ ἐπιῤῥήματος. τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ ἅμα, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ θαμᾷ καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ θαμίζω); Eustathius, Comm. Il. 1, 70 Van der Valk (θαμειαὶ δὲ αἱ ἀλλεπάλληλοι καὶ πυκναὶ παρὰ τὸ θαμά τὸ πυκνῶς, ὅπερ ἐκ τοῦ ἅμα γέγονε); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 442 (Θαμά: Ἐπίρρημα, τὸ πυκνῶς καὶ συνεχῶς, ἐκ τοῦ ἅμα, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ. Τὸ γὰρ πυκνῶς γινόμενον ὑφ’ ἕνα καιρὸν γίνεται. Ἐκ δὲ τοῦ θαμὰ γίνεται θαμίζει, πυκνῶς. ἔρχεται, καὶ ἐνδελεχεῖ, πυκνάζει· ἢ ἀντὶ τοῦ ὁμιλεῖ); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, theta, p. 1025 (Θαμά. συνεχῶς. πυκνῶς. παρὰ τὸ ἅμα θαμά· πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ); Lexicon αἱμωδεῖν, theta 2 (ἀπὸ τοῦ θαμά ἐπιρρήματος· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ ἅμα πλεονασμῷ τοῦ θ θαμά καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ θαμίζω)
Comment
The etymology is given in a list of "adjunction" of extra sounds at the beginning of a word, either vowels or consonants. Whereas most instances involving the adjunction of a vowel reflect real etymological relationships valid from our modern point of view, most instances involving the adjunction of a consonant are incorrect etymologies for modern linguists, but show how the Greeks perceived not only a formal, but also a semantic affinity between the two words thus paired. In the case of ἅμα / θαμά, analyzed θ-αμά, the etymology relies on the meaning "together" of ἅμα rather than on the meaning "at the same time": from "together" one could easily leap to "densely", "frequently". The etymology is reversible and the opposite explanation deriving ἅμα from θαμά (see ἅμα / θαμά) is found in several sources