εἷς + ἵκω

Validation

Yes

Word-form

νίκη

Transliteration (Word)

nikē

English translation (word)

victory

Transliteration (Etymon)

heis + hikō

English translation (etymon)

one + to arrive

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11 AD

Source

Idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum, nu, p. 409

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 229-584

Quotation

Νίκη, παρὰ τὸ ἑνὶ δοτικὴν, καὶ ἵκω τὸ σημαῖνον τὸ παραγίνομαι, γέγονε ἑνιΐκη, καὶ κατὰ κράσιν τῶν δύο ιι, εἰς ἰῶτα μακρὸν ἑνίκη· καὶ νίκη ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ε

Translation (En)

Nikē "victory": from the dative heni "to one" and hikō meaning "to arrive", one obtains *heniikē, and by contraction of the two [ii] into a long [ī] *henikē, and nikē by apocope of the [e]

Comment

This etymology results probably from a mistake on the older etymology νίκη / εἷς + εἴκω, attested already in Herodian, mistake caused by iotacisme. However, the copyist transformed it into an etymology in its own right. Victory is that which comes to one camp only. Like its source etymology, it implies a contraction to account for the long [ī] and an apocope of the initial [e], but at least there is no internal [e] to cancel.

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Unclear (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Νίκη is still used in Modern Greek to designate: 1. 'the win against someone or something', 2. 'a success'. There are many compounds with this word.