εἶμι

Validation

No

Last modification

Thu, 08/20/2026 - 12:05

Word-form

ἤϊα

Transliteration (Word)

ēïa

English translation (word)

provisions for a journey

Transliteration (Etymon)

eimi

English translation (etymon)

to go

Author

Herodian

Century

2 AD

Reference

Περὶ ὀρθογραφίας, Lentz III/2, p. 457

Edition

A. Lentz, Grammatici graeci, vol. III/2, Leipzig, 1870

Source

Theognostus

Ref.

Canones sive De orthographia 734

Ed.

J. A. Cramer, Anecdota Graeca e codd. manuscriptis bibliothecarum Oxoniensium, vol. 3, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1836 (repr. Amsterdam: Hakkert, 1963)

Quotation

(Theognostus, ed. Cramer) εἶον, ὃ καὶ ἤϊον ἐν διαλύσει λέγεται, ἀπὸ τοῦ εἴω ῥήματος γεγονός· δηλοῖ δὲ τὰ εἰς τὸ ἰέναι ἐπιτήδεια·

Translation (En)

eion, which is pronounced ēïon "provisions for a journey" with diaeresis, comes from the verb eiō "to go" and refers to what is useful for going (ienai)

Comment

Derivational etymology. From εἶμι a thematic conventional form *εἴω is abstracted (for verbs, Greek grammarians consider the athematic type as derived from the thematic one, and accordingly in their etymologies they start from the thematic form, even though the latter is unattested). This *εἴω is then changed to *ἐΐω (diaeresis), from which by lengthening *ἤϊω is obtained, and from there the noun is generated. Semantically, the etymon is the aim: the provisions are here so that one can "go"

Parallels

Herodian, De prosodia catholica, Lentz III/1, p. 356 (εἶον, ὃ καὶ ἤϊον ἐν διαλύσει λέγεται, τὸ εἰς τὸ ἰέναι ἐπιτήδειον); Orion, Etymologicum, eta, p. 69 (Ἤϊα. τὰ εἰς ὁδὸν βρώματα κυρίως, παρὰ τὸ ἔχοντας ἰέναι. καταχρηστικῶς δὲ καὶ τὰ ἄχυρα); bT Schol. Il. 13.103e (ἤϊα: τὰ τοῦ εἶναι αἴτια βρώματα ἢ τοῦ ἰέναι· οἱ γὰρ πεινῶντες „λάθρῃ γυῖα βαρύνονται“ (Τ 165)); Geneva Schol. Il. 13.103 (idem); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 3, p. 446 (ῥητέον δὲ καὶ νῦν ὅτι τὰς τροφὰς ἤϊα λέγει ὁ ποιητὴς παρὰ τὸ εἴω, τὸ πορεύομαι, τὰ αἴτια τοῦ ζῆν καὶ προϊέναι, ὡς διϊκνούμενα ὅλου τοῦ σώματος, ὅθεν καὶ δαὶς ἐΐση, καὶ ναῦς δὲ ὁμοίως ἐΐση κατά τινας ἡ πορευτικὴ καὶ ταχεῖα. Καὶ ἄλλως δέ, ἤϊα τὰ βρώματα παρὰ τὸ ἔω, τὸ ὑπάρχω, ὡς αἴτια τοῦ εἶναι); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 97 (Ἤϊα δὲ νῦν, τὰ ἐφόδια. ὅ ἐστι βρώματα εἰς ὁδὸν ἐπιτήδεια, παρὰ τὸ ἰέναι. κατ’ ἔλλειψιν τοῦ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἰῶτα διὰ τὸ εὐφωνότερον. κεῖται δέ που ἡ λέξις, καὶ ἐπὶ ἁπλῶς βρωμάτων παρὰ τῷ ποιητῇ, ἔτι δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ ἀχύρων. ἃ καὶ αὐτὰ λέγονται οὕτως, ἢ ὡς ἁπλῶς βρώματα ζώων δηλαδή. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἰέναι, ὡς κοῦφα καὶ οἷα κινεῖσθαι πάσῃ πνοῇ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 423 (Ἤϊα: Βρώματα, οὐ τὰ ἐν οἴκῳ ἐσθιόμενα, ἀλλὰ τὰ ἐν ὁδῷ καὶ πλῷ. Ὅμηρος, ‘ἐν δ’ ἤϊα | κωρύκῳ’. καὶ, ‘Δεῦτε φίλοι, ἤϊα φερώμεθα’. Ἐφόδια, σιτία ἀγαθὰ, χορτάσματα. Ἔστιν εἴω, τὸ πορεύομαι, διὰ διφθόγγου, ὥς φησι Σώφρων ἐν Θυννοθήρᾳ, ‘Ἐγκίκρα ὡς εἴω’. Ὁ παρακείμενος, εἶκα· ὁ μέσος, εἶα· καὶ κατὰ διάλυσιν, ἤϊα. Ἤϊα οὖν κυρίως, τὰ πρὸς ὁδὸν ἐπιτήδεια βρώματα, καὶ πρὸς τὸ ἰέναι χρήσιμα, ἢ τοῖς ἰοῦσιν ἐπιτήδεια. Λέγονται καὶ τὰ ἄχυρα· ‘Ὡς δ’ ἄνεμος ζαὴς ἠΐων θημῶνα τινάξει’. Παρὰ τὸ εἴω, τουτέστι τὰ εὐκίνητα καὶ εὐχερῶς μεταρριπιζόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνέμων. Γενηθέντος γὰρ ἀνέμου δεῦρο κἀκεῖσε φέρεται. Καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀλόγων ζῴων, ‘Θώων πορδαλίων τε λύκων τ’ ἤϊα πέλονται’); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, eta, p. 982 (Ἤϊα. τὰ εἰς ὁδὸν βρώματα. ἤϊα καὶ τὰ ἄχυρα. [ὡς δ’ ἄνεμος ζαὴς, ὅ ἐστι σφοδρὸς, ἠΐων θιμῶνα τινάξει. οὕτως Ὅμηρος. καὶ Βάμβριος· οὔπω καιρός ἐστιν ἤϊα λύειν. παρὰ τὸ εἴω, τὸ πορεύομαι, γίνεται ἤϊα, τὰ πρὸς ὁδὸν καὶ πλοῦν ἐπιτήδεια. τὰ δὲ ἄχυρα παρ’ αὐτὸ τὸ εἴω. καὶ ἤϊα τὰ εὐκίνητα καὶ εὐχερῶς μεταριπιζόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνέμων.]); Schol. Od. 2.289c Pontani (ἤϊα: ἐν μὲν τῇ συνηθείᾳ ἐφόδια τὰ πρὸς ὁδὸν ἐπιτήδεια ἀπὸ τῆς ὁδοῦ λέγεται, παρὰ δὲ Ὁμήρῳ ἤϊα τὰ ἐφόδια οἰκείως ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰέναι εἴρηται. ὅταν δὲ λέγῃ “θώων παρδαλίων τε λύκων τ’ ἤϊα πέλονται” [Ν 103], καταχρώμενος λέγει ἀντὶ τοῦ ἑλώρια); ibid. 289d (ἤια: τὰ εἰς τὸ ἰέναι ἐπιτήδεια ἤτοι τὰ ἐφόδια, ἰήϊα καὶ ἀποβολῇ τοῦ πρώτου ι ἤϊα); ibid. 2.289e1 (ἤϊα: νῦν τὰ εἰς τὸ ἰέναι ἐφόδια. σημαίνει δὲ ἡ λέξις καὶ τὰ ἄχυρα, “ἠΐων θημῶνα τινάξῃ” [ε 368], καὶ τὸ ἐπορευόμην “ἤϊα πολλὰ θεοὺς γουνούμενος” [δ 433], καὶ τὰ ἄλευρα “ἐν δὲ καὶ ᾖα κωρύκῳ” [ε 266-7].); ibid. 2.289e2 (ἤϊα: κυρίως τὰ ἐφόδια παρὰ τὸ ἰέναι / ἐφόδια); ibid. 2.410d (ἤια: τὰ ἐνόδια βρώματα τὰ εἰς τὸ ἰέναι εὔθετα); ibid. 2.410e (ἤια: ἢ ἐφόδια, τὰ πρὸς ὁδὸν ἐπιτήδεια παρὰ τὸ ὁδός. “ἤια” δὲ παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ τὰ ἐφόδια ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰέναι. ὅταν δὲ λέγῃ “θώων παρδαλίων τε λύκων τ’ ἤια πέλονται” [Ν 103] ἀντὶ τοῦ ἑλώρια καταχρώμενος λέγει); ibid. 4.363d (ἤϊα] τὰ ἐφόδια· ἀπὸ τοῦ “ἴω” τὸ πορεύομαι κατὰ διάλυσιν “ἔϊα” καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ ε εἰς η “ἤια”. τινὲς δὲ ἐκ τοῦ “ἰέναι” “ἰήϊα” καὶ “ἤϊα”); ibid. 5.368e1 (ἠΐων] “ἤϊα” τὰ ἄχυρα παρὰ τὸ πανταχόθεν “ἰέναι” διὰ τὴν ἀσθένειαν); ibid. 5.368e2 (ἠΐων: ἀχύρων, παρὰ τὸ “ἰέναι” καὶ φέρεσθαι ταχέως τὸ ἄχυρον. δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ τὰ βρώματα καὶ τὰ ἐφόδια)

Modern etymology

Unknown (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre