ἐφίημι

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Last modification

Sat, 08/15/2026 - 10:50

Word-form

ἐφετμή

Transliteration (Word)

ephetmē

English translation (word)

command

Transliteration (Etymon)

ephiēmi

English translation (etymon)

to send, to incite to

Author

Porphyry

Century

3 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Quaestionum Homericarum ad Iliadem pertinentium reliquiae, Il. 24.117

Ed.

H. Schrader, Porphyrii quaestionum Homericarum ad Iliadem pertinentium reliquiae, fasc. 1 & 2, Leipzig: Teubner, 1:1880; 2:1882

Quotation

ἐφετμὴ γὰρ ἐντολή, παρὰ τὸ ἐφίεσθαι γεγονυῖα, ὅ ἐστιν ἐντέλλεσθαι

Translation (En)

For ephetmē means "command", being derived from ephiesthai "to incite", which means "to command"

Comment

Correct derivational etymology

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum, p. 54 (Ἐφετμή. ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐφίημι, ἐφεσμή, καὶ κατὰ ἐναλλαγὴν τοῦ σ εἰς τ, ἐφετμή); Etym. Gudianum, epsilon, p. 571 (Ἐφετμή· ἐντολή, νουθεσία, ἐπιστολή, πρόσταγμα· παρὰ τὸ ἵημι ἕσω καὶ ὄνομα ῥηματικὸν <ἑσμή, τροπῇ τοῦ ς εἰς τ> ἑτμή καὶ ἐν συνθέσει ἐφετμή); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, alpha, p. 228 (Ἀτμίς· ἀσμίς, μεταβολῇ τοῦ ς εἰς τ ἀτμίς, ὡς ἐφίημι ἐφεσμή ἐφετμή); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 2, p. 50 (καὶ ὅτι ἐφιέναι λέγει τὸ ἐκ τόξου βέλος ἐπιπέμπειν. Καὶ ἔστι κυρία ἡ λέξις. φησὶ γοῦν «ἔφες ἀνδρὶ βέλος» καὶ «ἤδη γὰρ ἀριστήεσσιν ἐφῆκα». ἐκ τούτου δὲ μεταφορικῶς καὶ ἐφίημι τὸ ἐντέλλομαι καὶ ἐφετμὴ ἡ ἐντολή καὶ ἡ ἐπὶ ἐκκλήτου δὲ ἔφεσις καὶ ὁ ἐφέτης ἐντεῦθεν ὥρμηνται); ibid., vol. 4, p. 956 («Διὸς δ’ ἀλίτηται ἐφετμάς», ὅ ἐστιν ἐντολάς, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐφίημι, τὸ ἐντέλλομαι, ὡς τὸ «οὔ σοι ἐφιεμένῃ ἀπιθήσω», ὃ δὴ Πρίαμος ἔφη τῇ Ἑκάβῃ); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 2, p. 36 (ἔστι δὲ τὸ μὲν ἐφιέμενος (Vers. 7.) ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐντελλόμενος· ὅθεν καὶ ἐφημοσύνη καὶ ἐφετμὴ ἡ ἐντολή); ibid., vol. 2, p. 218 (ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐφίημι, ὅθεν καὶ ἐφετμὴ ἡ ἐντολὴ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 165 (Ἀτμίς: Καπνὸς, ἀτμὸς, πνοή. Ἔστιν ἀσμὶς, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ δασὺ πνεῦμα· καὶ τροπῇ τοῦ σ ἀτμὶς, ὡς ἐφίημι, ἐφεσμὴ, καὶ ἐφετμή); ibid., p. 402 (Ἐφετμή: Ἡ ἐντολή. Παρὰ τὸ ἵημι ἥσω ἑσμή· τροπῇ τοῦ σ εἰς τ, ἑτμὴ, καὶ ἐφετμὴ ἐν συνθέσει. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐφεῖναι ἐφεθμὴ, καὶ τροπῇ, ὡς βῆναι βαθμὸς, καὶ στῆναι σταθμός); Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 1018 (Ἐφετμή· ἡ ἐντολή· παρὰ τὸ ἵημι ἥσω ἑσμή, ἑτμή καὶ ἐφετμή· ἢ ἐκ τοῦ ἐφίεμαι ἐφιετμή καὶ ἐφετμή); Schol. in Hesiodum, Op. 294 (Ἀλλὰ, ὦ Πέρση, Δῖον γένος, μεμνημένος τῆς ἡμετέρας ἐφετμῆς, ἀντὶ τῆς ἐμῆς ἐντολῆς, τῆς παραινέσεως, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἐφίεμαι, τὸ ἐντέλλομαι); Geneva Schol. Il. 5.818 ([ἐφετμέων] παρὰ τοῖς λογογράφοις ἐφίεμαι τὸ ὀρέγομαι καὶ τὸ προστάσσω); Scholia in Pindarum, I 5)6).26 (Ἐφετμαῖς] Ἐπιθυμίαις. Ἐφίεμαι γὰρ σημαίνει καὶ τὸ ἐπιθυμῶ)

Modern etymology

Ἐφετμή is a derivative of ἐφίημι

Persistence in Modern Greek

No