ἀεί + ῥέω

Validation

Yes

Word-form

ἀρετή

Transliteration (Word)

aretē

English translation (word)

goodness, excellence

Transliteration (Etymon)

aei + rheō

English translation (etymon)

always + to flow

Author

Plato

Century

4 BC

Source

Idem

Ref.

Cratylus 415d

Ed.

Burnet, Platonis opera, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1900 (repr. 1967)

Comment

This etymology, like most of Plato's etymologies in the Cratylus, is never repeated and not found afterwards in Greek scholarly literature. As usual in Plato's Cratylus, the word is parsed as a compound of the adverb ἀεί and the verb "to flow" (this is the Heraclitean theory of mobility), which then undergoes a strong abridgment. The sentence ἴσως δὲ αἱρετὴν λέγει, ὡς οὔσης ταύτης τῆς ἕξεως αἱρετωτάτης, kept by Burnet in his edition, is not by Plato, it is a comment inserted into the text and trying to bring Plato's weird etymology back to one of the standard ones, namely, the one deriving it from αἱρετός (see ἀρετή / αἱρέω).

Parallels

There are no parallels.

Modern etymology

Ἀρετή probably belongs with ἀραρίσκω "to adapt", PIE root *h2er- (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

Αρετή still exists in Modern Greek as 'virtue/moral perfection' (Triandafyllidis, Dictionary of Modern Greek).

Entry By

Le Feuvre