ἵκω

Validation

No

Last modification

Wed, 04/30/2025 - 10:00

Word-form

κτίλος

Transliteration (Word)

kilos

English translation (word)

tame, obedient

Transliteration (Etymon)

hikō

English translation (etymon)

to arrive

Author

Herodian

Century

2 AD

Reference

Peri pathōn, Lentz III/2, p. 186

Edition

A. Lentz, Grammatici graeci, vol. III/2, Leipzig, 1870

Source

Etym. Gudianum

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 350

Ed.

F. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973)

Quotation

κτίλος: ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵκω ἱκτός ὡς τάσσω τακτός, πλέκω πλεκτός καὶ ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ πένθος γίνεται πενθίλος ὡς ναυτίλος, οὕτως οὖν καὶ ἱκτός ἱκτίλος. καὶ ἀφαιρέσει τοῦ ι κτίλος. τοῦτο Ἡρωδιανὸς περὶ παθῶν. 

Translation (En)

Kilos "tame", from hikō "to arrive", hiktos, as tassō "to place" taktos "placed", plekō " to plait", plektos "plaited", and as from penthos "mourning" comes penthilos "of mourning", as nautilos <from nautēs "sailor">, so, then, *hiktos, *hiktilos, and by dropping of the /I/, kilos. This is what Herodian says in the Peri pathōn.

Comment

Derivational etymology. "Tame" means "familiar", that is, that is not afraid of coming near men. Literally the tame animal is the "coming" one. Several formal manipulations are required: derivation first, from the verbal adjective, then another adjectival derivation, for which parallels are provided, and eventually dropping of the first vowel. From the etymon, only the /k/ remains in the lemma. Alternative etymologies rely on the same semantic explanation and select different verbs meaning "to come, to go" (κίω, κίχημι)

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 542 (Ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵκω, ἱκτὸς, ὡς τάσσω, τακτός· καὶ πλέκω, πλεκτός· καὶ ὥσπερ παρὰ τὸ πένθος γίνεται πενθίλος, οὕτως καὶ παρὰ τὸ ἱκτὸς ἱκτίλος· καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἐπάρσεως τοῦ ι, κτίλος. Οἱ δὲ νεώτεροι τάσσουσι τὴν λέξιν ἐπὶ τοῦ εἰθισμένου καὶ γεγονότος ἡμέρου ζῴου); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1260 (Κτίλος. ὁ προηγούμενος τῶν προβάτων κριός. οἱονεὶ κίλος τὶς ὢν, πλεονασμῷ τοῦ τ κτίλος. παρὰ τὸ κίειν, ὅ ἐστι πορεύεσθαι. οἱ δὲ νεώτεροι τάσσουσι τὴν λέξιν ἐπὶ τοῦ εἰθισμένου γεγονότος ἡμέρου ζώου. ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵκω, ἱκτός. ὡς τάσσω τακτὸς, καὶ πλέκω πλεκτός. ὥσπερ ἀπὸ τοῦ πένθους γίνεται πενθίλος, καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ναῦς ναυτίλος, οὕτως οὖν καὶ ἱκτὸς ἱκτίλος, καὶ μετὰ τῆς ἐπάρσεως τοῦ ι κτίλος. τὸ μὲν πρῶτον Ὦρος ὁ Μιλήσιος, τοῦτο δὲ Ἡρωδιανός)

Modern etymology

Belongs with κτίζω "to found", as the animal "from the house" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre