κάπτω

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Fri, 01/17/2025 - 11:20

Word-form

κάπῃσι

Transliteration (Word)

kapē

English translation (word)

crib, manger

Transliteration (Etymon)

kaptō

English translation (etymon)

to swallow

Author

Scholia in Homerum

Source

idem

Ref.

D Schol. Il. 8.434

Ed.

H. van Thiel, Scholia D in Iliadem, online edition 2014

Quotation

Κάπῃσι. Φάτναις. Παρὰ τὸ ἐν αὐταῖς ἱσταμένους τοὺς ἵππους κάπτειν, ὅ ἐστιν, ἐσθίειν

Translation (En)

Kapēisi "cribs". From the fact that horses, standing, swallow (kaptein), that is, eat in them,

Comment

Derivational functional etymology. The crib is etymologized from its function, to provide food

Parallels

Hesychius, Lexicon, kappa 701 (κάπηισι· φάτναις. ἀπὸ τοῦ κάπτειν ἀπ’ αὐτῶν); Schol. Od. 4.40f Pontani (κάπῃσι] παρὰ τὸ ἐν αὐταῖς ἵστασθαι τοὺς ἵππους καὶ “κάπειν” ἤτοι ἐσθίειν· ἢ παρὰ τὸ “χάπτειν”, ὅ ἐστι λάπτειν, “χάπη” καὶ “κάπη”. / παρὰ τὸ “κάπειν” ἤτοι ἐσθίειν, ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ “χάπτω”); Meletius, De natura hominis, p. 83 (καὶ γίνεται δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ κάπη φάτνη, παρὰ τὸ κάπτειν, ὅ ἐστιν ἐσθίειν· φησὶ γὰρ Ἀριστοφάνης Ἱππεῦσι, ‘Καπαῖον ἤτοι Φάλτον Διά’. ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάπος, ὅ ἐστι πνεῦμα, ὡς ἐν τῷ, ‘ἀπὸ δὲ ψυχὴν ἐκάπυσεν’· (Il. 10.467) ἢ διὰ τοῦ καταπνέεσθαι ἀπὸ τοῦ ἄσθματος τὸν ἵππον· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐσκάφθαι καὶ κεκοιλάνθαι); Etym. Genuinum, beta 205 (Βουκάπη· ἡ φάτνη τῶν βοῶν, ἐν ᾗ οἱ βοῦς κάπτουσιν· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ κάπτω, τοῦ σημαίνοντος τὸ ἐσθίω, ἡ κάπη γίνεται); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 476 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, kappa, p. 297 (Κάπη, ἡ φάτνη, παρὰ τὸ κάπτειν, ὅ ἐστιν ἐσθίειν, γέγονε κάπτη καὶ κάπη, ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάπος κάπη. κάπος δέ ἐστι τὸ πνεῦμα ἐν τῷ, ἀπὸ δὲ ψυχὴν ἐκάπησεν· ἢ καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀσθμάτων τῶν ἵππων καταπνεόμενον· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐκάφθαι κοιλάνθαι); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 2, p. 275 (Ἡ δὲ φάτνη παρὰ τὸ φαγεῖν γίνεται, ὥσπερ αὖ ἡ κάπη ἐκ τοῦ κάπτειν, ὅπερ ἐστὶν ἐσθίειν, οἷον «ἱππείῃσι κάπῃσι»); ibid., vol. 2, p. 611 (Ὥσπερ δὲ φάτνη ἀπὸ τοῦ φαγεῖν, οὕτω καὶ κάπη παρὰ τὸ κάπτειν, ὅ ἐστιν ἐσθίειν); ibid., vol. 4, p. 655 (Ἀποκαπύσαι δὲ ψυχὴν τὸ ἀποπνεῦσαι. κάφος γάρ, φασί, τὸ πνεῦμα, ἐξ οὗ τὸ «κεκαφηότα θυμόν». τὸ δ’ αὐτὸ καὶ ὁ κάπος, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ὁ κῆπος, ὡς ἀλλαχοῦ εἴρηται. ἐξ αὐτοῦ δὲ καὶ κάπη ἡ καταπνεομένη ὑπὸ τῶν ἵππων φάτνη. αὐτὴ δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ κάπτω δοκεῖ γίνεσθαι. ἀπ’ αὐτῆς δὲ παυσικάπη κατὰ Αἴλιον Διονύσιον); ibid., vol. 4, p. 656 (καὶ ἔοικε κατὰ τούτους τοὺς λόγους παυσικάπη λέγεσθαι, ὡς παύουσα τῆς κάπης ἢ τοῦ κάπτειν, ὅ ἐστι τοῦ ἐσθίειν); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 144 (κάπη δὲ ἡ φάτνη, παρὰ τὸ κάπτω τὸ χανδὸν ἐσθίω); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 207 (Βουκάπη: Ἡ φάτνη τῶν βοῶν. Ἀπὸ τοῦ κάπτω, τὸ ἐσθίω, γίνεται κάπη· τουτέστιν ἐν ᾗ οἱ βοῦς κάπτουσι); ibid., p. 489 (Κάπη: Ἡ φάτνη· παρὰ τὸ κάπτειν (ὅ ἐστιν ἐσθίειν) ἱσταμένους τοὺς ἵππους ἐν αὐταῖς. Ἰλιάδος θʹ, ‘δῆσε δ’ ἐπ’ ἀμβροσίῃσι κάπῃσι’. Γίνεται κάπτη καὶ κάπη. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάπος, κάπη· κάπος δέ ἐστι τὸ πνεῦμα· καὶ Ὅμηρος, ‘ἀπὸ δὲ ψυχὴν ἐκάπυσσεν’, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἐξέπνευσε· τουτέστιν ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀσθμάτων καταπνεομένη τῶν ἵππων. Ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐσκάφθαι καὶ κεκοιλάνθαι); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, kappa, p. 1154 (Κάπη. ἡ φάτνη. παρὰ τὸ κάπτειν, τὸ ἐσθίειν, γέγονε κάπτη καὶ κάπη. [ἢ παρὰ τὸ κάπος, κάπη.] κάπος δέ ἐστι τὸ πνεῦμα. ἡ ὑπὸ τῶν ἀσθμάτων τῶν ἵππων καταπνεομένη. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἐσκάφθαι καὶ κοιλάνθαι); ibid., beta, p. 400 (Βουκάπη. ἡ φάτνη τῶν βοῶν, ἐν ᾗ οἱ βόες κάπτουσιν. ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ κάπω τὸ ἐσθίω ἡ κάπη γίνεται)

Modern etymology

Derivative of κάπτω (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre