ἵκω
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
ἴκμενον· εἰ μὲν δασέως τὸν ἱκτικὸν λέγει, οἷον πορευτικόν, τὸν ἱκνεῖσθαι ποιοῦντα, ὅ ἐστιν πορεύεσθαι. εἰ δὲ ψιλῶς τὸν ἰκματώδη καὶ ἔνικμον, οἷον ἔνυγρον
Translation (En)
Ikmenos: if spelled with a rough breathing hikmenos, it means the one coming (iktikon), as going forward, the one that makes one arrive at destination, that is, to travel. But if it is spelled with a smooth breathing ikmenos, it is the moist one (ikmatōdē), full of moisture and watery
Parallels
Herodian, Peri pathôn, Lentq III/2, p. 252 (ap. Etym. Magnum, p. 470) (ἴκμενον: ἵκω ἱκόμενον καὶ συγκοπῇ ἴκμενον· σημαίνει δὲ τὸν πορευτικὸν ἢ ὑγρὸν παρὰ τὴν ἰκμάδα); D Schol. Il. 1.479 (Ἴκμενον. Ἤτοι πορευτικὸν, παρὰ τὸ ἱκνεῖσθαι. ἢ ὑγρὸν, ἀπὸ τῆς ἰκμάδος. καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἄλλοις φησὶν, ἀνέμων μένος ὑγρὸν ἀέντων); A Schol. Il. 1.479 (ἴκμενον: παρὰ τὸ ἱκνεῖσθαι); Epimerismi homerici Il. 1.479a (ἴκμενον: παρὰ τὸ ἄνωθεν ἱκνεῖσθαι πρὸς ἡμᾶς); Suda, iota 269 (Ἴκμενον: πορευτικὸν ἄνεμον [implicit etymology]); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 1, p. 214 (καὶ φύσιν δὲ ἀνέμου διδάσκει, ὃς ἐξ ἰκμάδος ὑδάτων ἀτμιζομένης ὑπὸ ἡλίου γίνεται. διὸ καὶ ἐν ἄλλοις φησίν· «ἀνέμων μένος ὑγρὸν ἀέντων». ὑγρότης γὰρ ὑλικὸν ἀνέμου αἴτιον, ὅθεν καὶ ψιλοῦται τὸ ἴκμενος ἀπὸ τῆς ἰκμάδος. ὅτι δὲ καὶ δασύνεται παρὰ τὸ ἱκέσθαι ὡς οἱονεὶ ἱκόμενός τις ὢν ἤγουν ἐπιτήδειος εἰς τὸ ἱκέσθαι, λέγουσι καὶ αὐτὸ οἱ παλαιοί, [ἵνα προσφυῶς ὁμοῦ εἴη τὸ ἵκμενος καὶ τὸ οὖρος, ὁ μὲν παρὰ τὸ ἱκέσθαι ὤν, ὁ δὲ παρὰ τὸ ὀρούειν, Ἰωνικῇ ἐπενθέσει τοῦ υ); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 106 ( Ἴκμενον δὲ καὶ νῦν οὖρον, ἢ τὸν ὑγρὸν λέγει παρὰ τὴν ἰκμάδα ὃ καὶ ἀρέσκει τοῖς παλαιοῖς ἐπεί περ ἀλλαχοῦ ἀνέμων μένος ὑγρὸν ἀέντων φησὶν, ἢ τὸν φορὸν καὶ εἰς τὸ ἱκέσθαι ἐπιτήδειον, ὡς οἱονεὶ ἱκόμενον); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 470* (Ἴκμενον οὖρον: Φόρον ἄνεμον, ἤτοι πορευτικὸν, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱκνεῖσθαι, ἢ ὑγρὸν τὴν ἰκμάδα· καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἄλλοις ‘ἀνέμων μένος ὑγρὸν ἀέντων’. Ἰκμάδος γὰρ ὑδάτων ἀτμιζομένης τὸ διαλυθὲν ἄνεμος γίνεται· διὸ ψιλοῦται. Οὐ γὰρ παρὰ τὸ ἱκνεῖσθαι· ἅμα γὰρ φύσει ἀνέμων διδάσκει καὶ (l. ὅτι Cobet.) τὸ στυγνὸν τοῦ λοιμοῦ διασκεδάζει ὁ ἄνεμος); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, iota, p. 1101 (Ἰκμάς. ἡ ὑγρασία. [παρὰ τὸ ἵκω ἱκμὰς, ὅθεν καὶ ἴκμενον οὖρον. παρὰ τὸ ἱκνεῖσθαι. ἢ παρὰ τὴν ἱκμάδα.]); J. Tzetzes, Exegesis in Homeri Iliadem 1.478.27 (ἴκμενον· καὶ δασύνεται καὶ ψιλοῦται· ἐκ τοῦ ἵκομαι, ἱκόμενος καὶ ἴκμενος ὁ φόρος καὶ πορευτικὸς δασύνεται· ἴκμενος δὲ ὁ κάθυγρος, ὃν καὶ Ἀπόλλων ἥλιος ἐργάζεται, ἐκ τοῦ ἰκμὰς γινόμενον ψιλοῦται); Schol. Od. 2.420c Pontani (ἴκμενον: τὸν ἱκνεῖσθαι καὶ φέρεσθαι ποιοῦντα· ἢ δίυγρον καὶ ἁπαλόν); ibid. 420e1 (ἴκμενον] ἢ τὸν ἐπιτήδειον εἰς τὸ ἰέναι, ἢ τὸν ὑγρὸν ἀπὸ τῆς ἰκμάδος); ibid. 420e2 (ἴκμενον] ἐπιτήδειον / ἱκνεῖσθαι ποιοῦντα / πορευτικόν / ὁρμητικόν / τὸν φέρεσθαι ποιοῦντα <ἢ> ἀπὸ τῆς ἰκμάδος); ibid., 420f (ἵκμενον: ἀπὸ τοῦ ἱκνοῦμαι, τὸ παραγίνομαι); Schol. Od. 15.292 Dindorf (ἴκμενον] δίυγρον, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἰκμὰς, ἢ πορευτικόν)
Comment
Derivational etymology, which goes back to the Homeric scholia and which Lentz attributes to Herodian, although it may be older than Herodian. The spelling of the word was a matter of debate, since it is an epic word unknown in Attic. Two different meanings, each with his own etymology, were suggested. The etymology by a motion verb (ἵκω, ἱκνέομαι) is used to justify the spelling ἵκμενος. From the formal point of view, starting from a motion verb to etymologize an epithet of wind, which is the force propelling the ship, makes sense, if the etymologist assumes a causative meaning, which is the case here (τὸν ἱκνεῖσθαι ποιοῦντα)