θέρω

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Last modification

Sun, 11/10/2024 - 14:40

Word-form

θρώσκω

Transliteration (Word)

thrōskō

English translation (word)

to leap upon

Transliteration (Etymon)

therō

English translation (etymon)

to heat up

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Etymologicum, theta, p. 74

Ed.

F. Sturz, Orionis Thebani etymologicon, Leipzig, Weigel, 1820

Quotation

Θρώσκω. ἀπὸ τοῦ θέρω θερίσκω, ὡς στέλω στελίσκω. Μεταθέσει τοῦ ο εἰς ω, καὶ συγκοπῇ, θρώσκω.

Translation (En)

Thrōskō "to leap upon", from therō "to heat", *theriskō, as from stelō *steliskō. By change, of the /o/ into /ō/, and syncope, thrōskō

Comment

Derivational etymology relying on the commonplace association between cold and absence of motion or slow motion, and conversely between heat and motion and swiftness. This is not explicit in Orion's wording but is explicit in the etymology of θοῦρος "impetuous", which used to be derived from the same verb (see θοῦρος / θέρω). Formally, the etymology correctly recognizes the inchoative suffix -skō, and invents a ghost form *θερίσκω as an intermediate step. This provides the sequence of consonants of the lemma (θρ-σκ-), and then the vowels are changed (/e/) or dropped (/I/). Linguistically, the understanding that θοῦρος belongs with θρώσκω, ἔθορον is correct, even though the assumed relationship with θέρω is not

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 453 (Θοῦρος: Ὁ ὁρμητικὸς, ὁ πολεμιστής· καὶ θοῦρον, τὸν πηδητικὸν καὶ ταχύν· οἱονεὶ ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων, ἢ ὁ κούφως ὀρούων. Παρὰ τὸ θέρω, τὸ θερμαίνω, θόρος καὶ θοῦρος· ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς· καὶ θορεῖν, τὸ πηδᾶν, παρὰ τὸ αὐτό); Schol. Oppinaum, Hal. 2. 667 (θοῦρος· ὁρμητικὸς, πολεμιστής· καὶ θοῦρον τὸν πηδητικὸν καὶ ταχὺν, οἱονεὶ θοῶς <ὀ>ρούων· παρὰ τὸ θέρω τὸ θερμαίνω θόρος καὶ θοῦρος ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς, καὶ θορεῖν τὸ πηδᾷν παρὰ τοῦ αὐτοῦ· ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ θέω τοῦ ῥήματος, ὅθεν καὶ τὸ θεῖον καὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν εἴληφεν, ὥστε τὴν γεννητικὴν τοῦ πυρὸς οὐσίαν ἀπὸ τοῦ θέω ῥήματος ὀνομάσαι τοὺς ἀρχαίους· ταύτῃ τοὺς μὲν ταχεῖς θερμοὺς λέγουσι, τοὺς δὲ ψυχροὺς βραδεῖς, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ θοῦρος γίνεται θορῶ τὸ ὁρμῶ καὶ πηδῶ); ; Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, theta, p. 1048 ([Θοῦρος. ὁρμητικός. πολεμικώτατος. οἱονεὶ ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων. ἢ παρὰ τὸ θέρω, τὸ θερμαίνω, γίνεται θόρος καὶ θοῦρος. ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς. καὶ θορεῖν τὸ πηδᾷν.] [implicit])

Modern etymology

Belongs with θοῦρος "impetuous." Cognate with OIr. -dair "to leap upon", from PIE *dherh3- "to jump" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre