θροέω

Validation

No

Last modification

Sun, 11/10/2024 - 13:50

Word-form

θούριος

Transliteration (Word)

thouros

English translation (word)

impetuous

Transliteration (Etymon)

throeō

English translation (etymon)

to shout

Author

Scholia in Sophoclem

Source

idem

Ref.

Scholia et glossae in Sophoclis Ajacem 212a

Ed.

G.A. Christodoulos, Τὰ ἀρχαῖα σχόλια εἰς Αἴαντα τοῦ Σοφοκλέους, Athens: University of Athens, 1977

Quotation

θούριος, ὁρμητικὸς ὁ πολεμιστής, οἱονεὶ ὁ θοῶς ὀρούων ἢ παρὰ τὸ θέρω τὸ θερμαίνω γίνεται θερὸς καὶ τοῦ ῥοῦ. ἀπὸ μεταφορᾶς τῆς τοῦ πυρὸς ὁρμῆς. καὶ θορεῖν τὸ πηδᾶν. ἢ ἀπὸ τοῦ θροεῖν ἐπιτήδεια. 

Translation (En)

Thourios "rushing forward", the warlike one, as though he were the "quickly (thoōs) rushing forward (orouōn)", or from therō "to heat", comes theros, and the flow (rhou), by metaphor from the rushing forward of a fire, and thoreîn means "to leap". Or from threîn "to shout" the proper orders

Comment

Derivational etymology, referring to the role of Ares in the battle. It is provided for the derivative θούριος, and is also valid for the base θοῦρος. Formally, it implies the addition of /ou/ in the middle of the word. Semantically, it is rather difficult to understand. The scholion implies that the commander is shouting his orders to his troops. However, a derived meaning of θροέω is "to scare", and the etymology may have been designed with this meaning in mind: Ares could be the "scaring" one. If so, a copyist who no longer understood the meaning "to scare", but only knew the meaning "to shout", added an object τὰ ἐπιτήδεια

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Older *θόρϝος. Belongs with θρώσκω, ἔθορον "to leap". Cognate with OIr. -dair "to leap upon", from PIE *dherh3- "to jump" (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has the derived adjective θούριος "warlike" as a learned word

Entry By

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