ἔργω
Word
Validation
No
Word-form
ἐέρσαι
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
hersē
English translation (word)
dew
Transliteration (Etymon)
ergō
English translation (etymon)
to shut in
Century
12 AD
Source
idem
Ref.
Etym. Symeonis, epsilon 95
Ed.
D. Baldi, Etymologicum Symeonis (Γ—Ε) [Corpus Christianorum. Series Graeca 79. Turnhout: Brepols, 2013]
Quotation
Ἐέρσαι· ἐκ τοῦ ἐέργω, τὸ κωλύω· διαλύσει τῆς ει διφθόγγου εἰς δύο εε, ὡς τὸ ἤδη ἤδεε· ἢ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ ε καὶ ἐκλείψει τοῦ ι.
Translation (En)
Eersai "dew drops", from eergō "to shut in, to impede". The diphthong /ei/ is solved into two /ee/, as in ēdē "he knew" ēdee. Or by addition of /e/ and dropping of the /I/
Parallels
Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, epsilon, p. 529 (⟦Ἑ⟧ρσήεις· ὁ ἐν ὕδατι πεπνιγμένος· ἀπὸ τοῦ εἴρ⟦γ⟧ειν καὶ ἐπέχειν τῶν ἀναπνοῶν, ὅθεν καὶ εἱρκτή ἀπὸ τοῦ ἕρκος εἶναι)
Modern etymology
From PIE *h1wers-, cognate with Ved. varṣá- "rain", várṣati "it rains", and in Greek οὐρέω "to urinate" (Beekes, EDG)
Persistence in Modern Greek
No
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
Derivational etymology, rather simple from the formal point of view since ἔργω has in Homer a variant ἐέργω, parallel to ἑρση / ἑέρση. It requires the change of the consonant (implicit). Semantically, it is astonishing, for dew can hardly shut anything in or impede anything. In fact it probably results from the collocation of the two words in Il. 14.349–351: the earth creates a bed of flowers for Zeus and Hera, which "separates them from the surface of the earth" (ὃς ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὑψόσ’ ἔεργε). This bed of flowers is watered by dew drops dripping from the golden cloud in which they are enveloped. Therefore, the flowers covered with dew "shut in" Zeus and Hera in an irréalités space. This etymology is not mentioned in the Homeric scholia bust probably comes from a Commentary on the Iliad, in which the scholar assumed that, since the words ἔργω and ἑέρση are used next to each other (2 lines apart), this means that they are related. The etymology is is already found in the Etym. Gudianum, which provides a different explanation: what is covered with dew is drowned, therefore stifled, and prevented from breathing