ἔνερθε
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Καὶ τὸ ἔνερθεν δὲ δύο πάθη ἀνεδέξατο, συγκοπὴν καὶ ἀφαίρεσιν. ἦν γάρ τι ὄνομα τὸ ἔνερον, ἀφ’ οὗ τὸ ἐντελὲς ἐπίρρημα ἐνερόθεν, ἀφ’ οὗ κατὰ συγκοπὴν ἔνερθεν
Translation (En)
And the word enerthen "below" underwent two formal changes (pathē), a syncope and an aphaeresis. For there was a word eneron "subterranean", from which the complete adverb is *enerothen "from the subterranean", from which comes by syncope enerthen.
Parallels
Orion, Etymologicum, nu, p. 107 (Νέρθεν. ἀποβολῇ τοῦ ε, παρὰ τὴν ἔραν, ἔνερος, ἐνέρεθεν, ἔνερθεν, συγκοπῇ νέρθεν [misunderstanding, the syncope is *ἐνέροθεν → ἔνερθεν, not ἔνερθεν → νέρθεν]); Epimerismi homerici ordine alphabetico traditi, nu 31 (νέρθεν: ὑποκάτωθεν· παρὰ τὸ ἔνερθεν νέρθεν κατὰ ἀφαίρεσιν [τοῦ ε]· τοῦτο παρὰ τὴν ἔραν, τὴν γῆν, γέγονεν ἔρος ἔνερος ἐνέρ[οθεν] ἔνερθεν); ibid., nu 39 (νέρθεν (λ 302): ἔρα ἐστὶν ἡ γῆ, ἐνέρων ‘ἄναξ ἐνέρων Αἰδωνεύς’ (Υ 61), ἐνέροθεν καὶ ἐν συγκοπῇ ἔνερθεν, ὡς ἑκατέρωθεν ἑκάτερθεν, καὶ ‘ὑπένερθε καμόντας | ἀνθρώπους τίν{ν}υσθον’ (Γ 278-79)· εἶτα γίνεται ‘{ἐ}νέρθεν γῆς’ (λ 302)· ἀφαίρεσις ἄρα γέγονε, τὸ γὰρ ἔνερθεν πρῶτόν ἐστιν); Suda, nu 255 (Νέρτερος: κατώτερος. τὸ ἐντελὲς ἐνέρτερος καὶ ἀφαιρέσει νέρτερος. ὁμοίως τὸ ἔνερθεν, νέρθεν· οὕτω καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ἐς κόρακας τὸ σκορακίζειν.); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 340 (Ἔνερθεν: Ὑπένερθεν· δύο μέρη λόγου· ὑπὸ, πρόθεσις· ἔνερθεν, ἐπίρρημα τοπικόν. Γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ ἔνερος ἐνέρου, ὃ σημαίνει τὸν νεκρόν. Ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἐνέροθεν· καὶ συγκοπῇ, ἔνερθεν· ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἔρα ἔρερθεν καὶ ἔνερθεν· (σημαίνει δὲ τὸ ὑποκάτωθεν·) καὶ κατὰ ἀφαίρεσιν τοῦ ε, νέρθεν); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 1, p. 130 (οὕτω δὲ καὶ τῆς ες προθέσεως καὶ τῆς εν ἔστιν οὗ ἀφαιρεῖται τὸ κατάρχον ε, ὡς δῆλον ἐν τῷ ἔνερθεν νέρθεν, ἐνέρτερος νέρτερος); ibid., vol. 3, p. 725 (Ἐν τούτοις δὲ κεῖται καὶ τὸ «ἐνέρτεροι» ἐντελῶς, ἐξ οὗ κατὰ ἀφαίρεσιν τὸ νέρτεροι, ὡς καὶ ἐκ τοῦ ἔνερθεν τὸ νέρθεν); Scholia in Oppianum, Hal. 1.215 (νέρθε· ὑποκάτωθεν, ὑποκάτω παρὰ τὸ ἔνερθε κατ’ ἀφαίρεσιν τοῦ ε, τοῦτο δὲ παρὰ τὸ τὴν ἔραν ἢ τὴν γῆν ἔρος ἔνερος ἐνέροθεν, καὶ ἐν συγκοπῇ ἔνερθεν)
Comment
Νέρθεν is derived from ἔνερθεν by aphaeresis. The name of the process, aphaeresis, is explicit in Apollonius Dyscolus' explanation, but the resulting form, νέρθεν, is not, and must be restored by the reader. The two adverb have the same meaning and Apollonius correctly assumes that the one is derived from the other.