αἴρω

Validation

Yes

Last modification

Thu, 05/09/2024 - 11:50

Word-form

ἄρθρον

Transliteration (Word)

arthron

English translation (word)

joint

Transliteration (Etymon)

airō

English translation (etymon)

to lift

Author

Orion

Century

5 AD

Source

Etym. Genuinum

Ref.

Etym. Genuinum, alpha 1171

Ed.

F. Lasserre and N. Livadaras, Etymologicum magnum genuinum. Symeonis etymologicum una cum magna grammatica. Etymologicum magnum auctum, vol. 2, Athens: Parnassos Literary Society, 1992

Quotation

Ἄρθρον (Soran. fr. 14 Scheele)· παρὰ τὸ αἴρω ἄρτρον καὶ ἄρθρον· ὑπὸ γὰρ τούτων βασταζόμεθα, ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρῶ, τὸ ἁρμόζω· παρὰ γὰρ τὸ ἀρηρέναι ἀλλήλοις 

Translation (En)

Arthron "joint": from airō "to lift", *artron and arthron. For we are lifted by them. Or from *arō "to adapt", because they are fitted (arērenai) to each other

Comment

Derivational etymology. Lasserre and Livadaras follow Scheele, who attributes it to Soranus. However, there is nothing that explicitly points to Soranus and Scheele's edition of Soranus includes many etymologies that do not go back to him. It is likely that it comes from Orion, but we cannot go further back. The etymology refers to the metaphoric meaning "limb" (this is explicit in Ps.-Zonaras): the limbs support the body, therefore "lift" it. Therefore, it was designed in the perspective of etymologizing the names of the different body parts. This is the only element that could indeed point to Soranus. It cannot apply to the technical meaning "joint", nor to the grammatical meaning "article"

Parallels

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 141 (idem); Etym. Symeonis,, vol. 1, p. 196 (idem); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 304 (ἄρθρα καὶ τὰ μέλη τοῦ σώματος. παρὰ τὸ αἴρω ἄρτρον καὶ ἄρθρον καὶ ἄρθρα· ὑπὸ τούτων γὰρ βασταζόμεθα. ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἀρῶ τὸ ἁρμόζω, παρὰ τὸ ἀρηρέναι ἀλλήλοις)

Modern etymology

Derivative of the root *h2er- "to adapt, to fit". Belongs with ἁρμόζω, ἀραρίσκω, ἄριστος etc. (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has άρθρο, meaning "article" (gramm.), "article" (published in a journal or a newspaper), and αρθρο- in learned compounds

Entry By

Le Feuvre