σῴζω + φάος

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No

Last modification

Mon, 03/04/2024 - 18:40

Word-form

σοφία

Transliteration (Word)

sophia

English translation (word)

cleverness

Transliteration (Etymon)

phaos + sōizō

English translation (etymon)

light + to save

Author

Etym. Gudianum

Century

11 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Etym. Gudianum, sigma, p. 507

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1973): 229-584

Quotation

Σοφία, παρὰ τὸ σοφός· τοῦτο παρὰ τὸ σέβω, ἢ ἡ τὸ φῶς σώζουσα τῆς οἰκείας φύσεως· ἢ διὰ τὸ σῶα φῆν, ἤγουν λαλεῖν

Translation (En)

Sophia "cleverness", from sophos "wise". The latter from sebō "to revere"; or the one saving (sōizousa) the light (phaos) of the proper nature; or because he says (phēn), that is, speaks, sound (sôa) things

Comment

Compositional etymology, provided right after the derivational one deriving σοφία from σοφός and the latter from σέβομαι. This etymology was not meant for σοφός but only for σοφία. The third etymology (σοφός / σῶς + φημί) is meant for σοφός. The intervening etymology of σοφία parses the word as a VO compound σῴ(ζω) φ(ῶς), in which only the first syllable (or the first consonant) of each member is preserved – this is customary. It is a functional etymology: the function of wisdom is to preserve the appearance (light) of the proper nature of each thing. The etymology dates back to a time when vocalic quantity was no longer distinctive, since the lemma σοφός has a /ŏ/ whereas the etymon has a /ō/

Parallels

There is no parallel

Modern etymology

Derived from σοφός "wise"

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has σοφία "wisdom" as a learned word

Entry By

Le Feuvre