δίχα
Word
Validation
Yes
Word-form
δίκαιον
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
dikaios
English translation (word)
just, fair
Transliteration (Etymon)
dikha
English translation (etymon)
in two, asunder
Century
4 BC
Source
Idem
Ref.
Ethica Nicomachea 1132a31
Ed.
I. Bywater, Aristotelis ethica Nicomachea, Oxford, 1894
Parallels
See the parallels under δίκη
Modern etymology
Δίκαιος is derived from δίκη (q.v.)
Persistence in Modern Greek
Δίκαιος is still used in Modern Greek to designate 1. 'just, fair', 2. 'someone/something following the rules/laws' (M. Triandafyllidis Dict. of Modern Greek)
Entry By
Le Feuvre
Comment
This etymology relies on a phonetic manipulation, and on the many cases of alternation between an aspirate voiceless stop and a non aspirate one, consequence of the aspiration dissimilation (Grassmann's law), of the type τρέφω / ἔθρεψα. From the semantic point of view, it starts from the idea that "just" is "middle", neither too much nor too little, and that the middle is what separates something into two equal halves. Interestingly, this definition fits for the adjective δίκαιος "just", but not very well for the noun δίκη "justice", which may be why Aristotle etymologizes the adjective and not the noun. The explicit link between δίκη and δἰχα is attested only later (se under δίκη)