δαίς2

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Last modification

Sun, 12/31/2023 - 14:52

Word-form

δαιτυμόνας

Transliteration (Word)

daitumōn

English translation (word)

guest (at a banquet)

Transliteration (Etymon)

dais

English translation (etymon)

meal, feast

Author

Plutarch

Century

1-2 AD

Source

idem

Ref.

Quaestiones convivales 644a

Ed.

C. Hubert, Plutarchi moralia, vol. 4, Leipzig: Teubner, 1938 (repr. 1971)

Quotation

ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ δεῖπνα ‘δαῖτας’ ἐκάλουν καὶ τοὺς ἑστιωμένους ‘δαιτυμόνας’, ‘δαιτροὺς’ δὲ τοὺς τραπεζοκόμους ἀπὸ τοῦ διαιρεῖν καὶ διανέμειν

Translation (En)

But they called daites the dinners and daitumones the guests, and daitroi the servants, because they cut the meat and distribute it

Comment

Derivational etymology, correct in its principle, although from a modern point of view δαιτυμών is not derived from δαίς, but from derived from δαιτύς (Il. 22.496). The noun is in some sources derived from δαίς, in others directly from a δαίω "to feast", itself etymon of δαίς, and in others yet the wording is ambiguous. For etymologies deriving it from δαίω "to cut", different from δαίω "to feast", see δαιτυμών / δαίω2

Parallels

From δαίς: Herodian, Partitiones, p. 19 (καὶ κλίνεται δαιτὸς, ὅθεν καὶ δαιτυμὼν, ὁ εὐωχούμενος, καὶ κλίνεται δαιτυμόνος); Pollux, Onomasticon 6.102 (προσήκοι δ’ ἂν αὐτοῖς καὶ δαίς, ἀφ’ ἧς καὶ δαιτυμὼν ὁ ἑστιώμενος καὶ δαιτρὸς ὁ μάγειρος, καὶ δαιτρεῦσαι παρ’ Ὁμήρῳ); Choeroboscus, Epimerismi in Psalmos, p. 75-76 (δαίω τὸ εὐωχοῦμαι, ἐξ οὗ καὶ <δαίς, δαιτός> ἡ εὐωχία, καὶ δαιτυμόνες, οἱ φίλοι); Etym. Gudianum Additamenta, delta, p. 349 (idem); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 250 (idem); Etym. Gudianum, delta, p. 330 (Δαιτυμών· ὁ τὸ ἄριστον ποιῶν· παρὰ τὸ δαίς, ὃ σημαίνει τὴν εὐωχίαν. δαιτυμόνες δὲ οἱ φίλοι); Suda, delta 128 (ἔνθεν καὶ δαιτρός· καὶ δαίς, ἡ εὐωχία· καὶ δαιτυμόνες [? maybe from δαίω]); Eustathius, Comm. Od., vol. 1, p. 68 (αἱ δὲ τοιαῦται δαῖτες, κοινωνίαν ἐποίουν τὴν τῶν καλουμένων δαιταλέων. οἵ πέρ εἰσι, δαιτυμόνες. θιασῶται. συμπόται); ibid., vol. 1, p. 185 (Ἰστέον δὲ ὅτι δαιτυμόνες ἐνταῦθα κατὰ παλαιὰν παρασημείωσιν, οὐχ’ οἱ φίλοι, ἀλλ’ οἱ τὴν δαῖτα ἑτοιμάζοντες); ibid., vol. 2, p. 269 (Δαιτυμόνες δὲ νῦν οἱ ἁπλῶς δαινύμενοι. ἐν μέντοι τῇ δ ῥαψῳδίᾳ ἐπὶ τῶν τὴν δαῖτα παρασκευαζόντων εὕρηται ἡ λέξις τεθεῖσα); Schol. Od. 4.621b2 Pontani (δαιτυμόνες: οἱ τὴν δαῖτα παρασκευάζοντες); Scholia in Oppinaum, Hal. 1.63 (δαιτυμὼν ὅ τε τρέφων καὶ ὁ τρεφόμενος, γίνεται δ’ ἀπὸ τοῦ δαῖς δαιτός)

From δαίω: Theognostus, Canones sive De orthographia 32 (καὶ τοῦ δαινύω, ἀφ’ οὗ καὶ δαιτυμὼν [derivation δαίω → δαινύω → δαιτυμών])

Modern etymology

Derived from δαιτύς, itself derived from δαίομαι "to divide, to distribute". Belongs with δαίς, δαιτρός, δαίζω, δαίμων. PIE *deh2-I- (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre