ὁμός + ἀραρίσκω

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No

Last modification

Mon, 07/31/2023 - 11:50

Word-form

ἄορ

Transliteration (Word)

aor

English translation (word)

sword

Transliteration (Etymon)

homos + arariskō

English translation (etymon)

same + to adapt

Author

Orus

Source

Etym. Magnum

Ref.

Etym. Magnum, Kallierges p. 823

Ed.

T. Gaisford, Etymologicum magnum, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1848 (repr. Amsterdam: Hakkert, 1967): 1-826.

Quotation

Ὁ δὲ Ὦρος λέγει, ὅτι παρὰ τὸ ὁμοῦ ἀρηρέναι γίνεται ὄαρ· καὶ ὑπερθέσει, ἄορ· καὶ συναλοιφῇ, ὦρ.

Translation (En)

But Orus says that from "to be fitted (arērenai) together (homou)" comes oar, and y metathesis aor "sword", and with contraction ōr.

Comment

Compositional etymology implying a metathesis. The copulative ἁ- "together" has the form ὀ- in some archaic forms (Hom. ὄπατρος "who has the same father"), and Greek grammarians assumed it was a syncopated form of ὁμός, usual in compounds (ὁμο-X). Therefore the sword is what is fitted together: it may refer to the baldric by means of which the sword is "fitted" to the warrior's body, or to the fact that the sword consists of two parts, the blade and the handle, fitted together. This etymology was originally designed for ὄαρ "woman, wife", supposed to be "fitted" to her husband, and it was transposed to ἄορ with a simple metathesis.

Parallels

Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, omega, p. 1891 (idem)

Modern etymology

The etymology as a root-noun from ἀείρω is still advocated by some. Better is Ruijgh's suggestion that it is from *n̥s-r̥ "sword", cognate with Ved. asi- and Lat. ensis "sword", with Achaean or Aeolic vocalism (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Le Feuvre