ἵημι
Word
Validation
Word-form
Word-lemma
Etymon-lemma
Transliteration (Word)
English translation (word)
Transliteration (Etymon)
English translation (etymon)
Century
Reference
Edition
Source
Ref.
Ed.
Quotation
Χηλός· ... χῶ χήσω χηλός, ὡς παρὰ τὸ ἥσω ἧλος· ἡ χωροῦσα ἕκαστον τῶν ἐντιθεμένων.
Translation (En)
Khēlos "large chest": …*khō “to make room” *khēsō khēlos, as from hēsō “I will send” hēlos “nail-head” ; what makes room for everything that is put inside it.
Other translation(s)
Khēlos « coffre » : ... *khō « faire place » *khēsō khēlos, comme hēlos « clou » à partir de hēsō « j'enverrai » ; ce qui fait de la place pour tout ce qui est mis dedans.
Parallels
Herodian, De prosodia catholica, Gr. Gr. 3.1, p. 543 (τὸ ἧλος παρὰ τὸ ἵημι καὶ ἥσω); Orion, Etymologicum, eta, p. 69 (Ἧλος. παρὰ τὸ ἥσω μέλλοντα. ἵημι ἥσω, ἧλος); Theognostus, Canones siue De orthographia, §473 (Τὸ ἧλος διὰ τοῦ η· ἀπὸ γὰρ τοῦ ἵημι, ἥσω, ἧλος· τὰ γοῦν παρ’ αὐτὸ συγκείμενα τὴν αὐτὴν φυλάττει γραφήν· οἷον, ἀργυρόηλος· χρυσόηλος· μακρόηλος); Choeroboscus, Prolegomena et scholia in Theodosii Alexandrini canones isagogicos de flexione nominum, p. 188 (Δεῖ προσθεῖναι «χωρὶς τῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ ἥσω μέλλοντος τοῦ σημαίνοντος τὸ πέμψω, ἐξ οὗ τὸ ἀφήσω»· τοῦτο δὲ εἴρηται διὰ τὸ ἧλος, ὃ σημαίνει τὸ κέντρον, τοῦτο γὰρ δασύνεται); idem, De spiritibus, p. 203 (πλὴν τοῦ Ἧλος, ὅπερ ἐκ τοῦ ἵημι, ἥσω, γίνεται); Epimerismi Homerici Il. 1.53b2 (κῆλα: […] ἢ παρὰ τὸν ἥσω μέλλοντα, τουτέστιν ἀφήσω καὶ πέμψω, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵημι, τὸ πέμπω, ἧλον καὶ κῆλον); Etym. Gudianum, eta, p. 242 (Ἦλος, παρὰ τὸ ἵημι, ἥσω, ἧλος, ὁ διαπεμπόμενος); ibid., kappa, p. 290 (Καθήλωσον, κράτησον, ἔστιν ἵημι τὸ πέμπω, ὁ μέλλων ἥσω ἧλος, ἡλῶ, ἡλώσω, καὶ μετὰ τῆς κατὰ προθέσεως καθηλῶ, καθηλώσω); ibid., kappa, p. 319 (Κῆλα, δῆλα τινὰ ὄντα φανερὰ, παρὰ τὸ καίω· κυρίως γὰρ τὸν κεραυνὸν σημαίνει καὶ τὸν πρηστῆρα· ἡ λέξις ἢ παρὰ τὸν ἥσω μέλλοντα, τοῦτ’ ἔστιν ἀφήσω καὶ πέμψω, ἀπὸ τοῦ ἵημι τὸ πέμπω, ἧλον καὶ κῆλον· καὶ εἰς τὸ δηλήσεται); ibid., chi, p. 564 (Χήληξι, τοῖς ὄνυξι τοῦ βοὸς, ἐκ τοῦ χαλῶ, ἐξ οὗ δίχηλος, χηλὸς, ὥσπερ τὸ ἥσω ἧλος, ἡ χωροῦσα ἕκαστον τῶν ἀντιθεμένων); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 4, p. 905 (ἢ καὶ ἄλλως εἰπεῖν, ἕστωρ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἥσω, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ἧλος, ἵνα ᾖ ἕστωρ ὁ ἐνηλούμενος τῷ ζυγῷ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 264 (Ὁ μέλλων, δήσω· καὶ δῆλος, ὁ εὑρετὸς καὶ προφανὴς, ὡς παρὰ τὸ ἥσω, ἧλος); ibid., p. 428 (Ἧλος: Παρὰ τὸ ἵημι, τὸ πέμπω, ὁ μέλλων ἥσω· ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἧλος, ὁ πεμπόμενος); ibid. p. 510 (Κῆλα: Τὰ βέλη· [...] ἢ παρὰ τὸ ἵημι, τὸ πέμπω, (οὗ ὁ μέλλων, ἥσω, ἀντὶ τοῦ ἀφήσω, πέμψω) γίνεται ἧλον καὶ κῆλον); Joannes Tzetzes, Exegesis in Homeri Iliadem 1.246 (<ἥλοισι>· ἥλοις, ἵημι, ἥσω· ἦλος); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, eta, p. 985 (Ἧλος. παρὰ τὸ ἵημι, τὸ πέμπω, ὁ μέλλων ἥσω, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ἧλος)
Comment
Derivational etymology. From the formal point of view, it is regular according to Philoxenus' theory (derivation from the future form). From the semantic point of view, it is weird (and not explained). I suspect it is because ἵημι is used in Homer for "to throw" a missile (a javelin, an arrow), and the nail is compared to an arrow thrown into a material.