ἀ + μολεῖν

Validation

No

Last modification

Sat, 07/08/2023 - 18:25

Word-form

ἀμολγῷ

Transliteration (Word)

amolgos

English translation (word)

dead of night

Transliteration (Etymon)

a + molein

English translation (etymon)

not + to come

Author

Philoxenus

Century

1 BC

Reference

fr. 435

Edition

C. Theodoridis, Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Philoxenos [Sammlung griechischer und lateinischer Grammatiker (SGLG) 2]. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976

Source

Apollonius the Sophist

Ref.

Lexicon Homericum, p. 28

Ed.

I. Bekker, Apollonii Sophistae lexicon Homericum, Berlin: Reimer, 1833 (repr. Hildesheim: Olms, 1967)

Quotation

Ἀμολγῷ· ... ἢ ἐν ᾗ τις οὐ μολίσκει, ἵν’ ᾖ ἀμολγῷ κατὰ παρένθεσιν τοῦ γ· „ἐν νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ“ (Λ 173), οἷον τὸ μεσονύκτιον.

Translation (En)

Amolgōimilking-time”: …or when people don't come, because it yields amolgōi by insertion of /g/; "en nuktos amolgōi" [“in the dead of night”], meaning at midnight.

Other translation(s)

Amolgōi « à l’heure où l’on trait » : …ou bien [à l’heure] à laquelle on ne vient vas, puisqu’on a amolgōi avec l’insertion de /g/ ; « en nuktos amolgōi » [« au plus profond de la nuit »] (Λ 173), c’est-à-dire au milieu de la nuit.

Comment

Compositional etymology, as for many words with initial ἀ-, which is often identified as the negative prefix. The second member is etymologized as a form of βλώσκω, ἔμολον. The expected form is *ἀ-μολῳ, and the lemma is obtained by the assumption of a pathos, the insertion of /g/.

Parallels

Philoxenus, fr. 7 (καὶ τὸ „νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ“ (Λ 173) οὐχ ὡς ἔνιοι κατ’ ἐκεῖνο τῆς ὥρας, ᾗ ἀμέλγεται τὰ θρέμματα, ἀλλ’ ἀπὸ τοῦ μολῶ ἀμολὸς καὶ ἀμολγός); D Schol. Il. 11, 173 (Νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ. Τῷ καιρῷ ἐν ᾧ συμβέβηκεν ἀμέλγεσθαι τὰ θρέμματα. Τινὲς δὲ, τὸ μεσονύκτιον, ὅταν οὐδεὶς μολίσκει, οὐδὲ πρόεισι); Hesychius, Lexicon, nu 708 (νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ· μεσονυκτίῳ· παρ’ ἣν ὥραν οὐδεὶς μολίσκει Λ 173); Etym. Genuinum, alpha 665 (Ἀμολγῷ (Λ 173 ...)· […] ἢ παρὰ τὸ μολῷ καὶ κατὰ πλεονασμὸν τοῦ γ μολγῷ, καὶ μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α ἀμολγῷ, ἐν ᾗ οὐδεὶς μολίσκει. οὕτως Ὠρίων); Epimerismi Homerici, alpha 339 (ἀμολγῷ: [...] Φιλόξενος δὲ (fr. 435 a) ἐν ᾗ οὐδεὶς μολίσκει· ἀμολός καὶ ἀμολγός. καὶ ἀβρότη (Ξ 78) γὰρ ἐν ᾗ βροτοὶ οὐ φοιτῶσιν); Lexicon αἱμωδεῖν, theta 25 (νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ (Ο 324, Χ 28, 317; cf. Λ 173) οὐχ, ὡς ἔνιοι, κατ’ ἐκεῖνο τῆς ὥρας ᾗ ἀμέλγεται τὰ θρέμματα, ἀλλ’ ἀπὸ τοῦ μολῶ ἀμολῶ καὶ ἀμολγῶ, ὡς ἀπὸ τοῦ θῶ οὖν γέγονε τίθημι); Suda, alpha 1620 (Ἀμολγός: τὸ μεσονύκτιον, ἤτοι καθ’ ἣν ὥραν ζῷα οὐκ ἀμέλγονται. ἢ ἀφαιρέσει τοῦ γ, καθ’ ἣν οὐδεὶς μολεῖ); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. 3, p. 177 (Ἀμολγὸς δὲ νυκτός, ὡς καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ ἐρρέθη, καθ’ ὃν οὐδεὶς μολεῖ); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 84 (Ἀμολγῷ : […] Ἢ παρὰ τὸ μολῶ, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ γ μολγῷ· καὶ μετὰ τοῦ στερητικοῦ α, ἀμολγῷ· ἐν ᾗ οὐδεὶς μολίσκει. Οὕτως Ὠρίων); Etym. Symeonis, vol. 1, p. 412 (ἀμολγῷ (Λ 173 ...)· τῷ μεσονυκτίῳ, καθ’ ὃ οὐκ ἀμέλγουσιν. ἢ παρὰ τὸ μολῷ, κατὰ πλεονασμὸν—6 ἐν ᾧ οὐδεὶς μολίσκει); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, alpha, p. 146 (Ἀμολγῷ. μεσονυκτίῳ ἢ σκότει, ἐν ᾧ τις παύεται τοῦ μολεῖν); Geneva Schol. Il. 11, 173 (ἐν νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ] ἀμολίτῳ καὶ ἀπροΐτῳ καιρῷ, ἐν ᾧ οὐδεὶς μολίσκει οὐδὲ πρόεισι, ὅ ἐστι τὸ μεσονύκτιον.); Schol. Od. 4, 841 (καὶ ἔστι κατὰ τὸ ἔτυμον ἤτοι ἀμολγῷ, καθ’ ἣν ὥραν συμβέβηκε μὴ ἀμόλγεσθαι τὰ ζῷα, ἢ κατὰ ἀφαίρεσιν τοῦ γ, ἀμολῷ, καθ’ ἣν ὥραν οὐδεὶς μολίσκει, ὅ ἐστι βαδίζει)

Bibliography

Tsagallis, The Oral Palimpsest: Exploring Intertextuality in the Homeric Epics, Washington, DC, 2008 (chap. 8 is devoted to νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ with a survey of the literature)

Modern etymology

Assumed by most scholars to be the action noun matching the verb ἀμέλγω "to milk". The semantics remain difficult (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

No

Entry By

Eva Ferrer