παύω

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Word-form

Παίανες

Transliteration (Word)

paian

English translation (word)

paean

Transliteration (Etymon)

pauō

English translation (etymon)

to make to end

Author

Didymos

Century

1 BC

Source

Etym. Gudianum

Ref.

pi, p. 446

Ed.

F.W. Sturz, Etymologicum Graecae linguae Gudianum et alia grammaticorum scripta e codicibus manuscriptis nunc primum edita, Leipzig: Weigel, 1818

Quotation

Παίανες, παρὰ τὸ παύσω παύων καὶ κατὰ τροπὴν τοῦ υ εἰς ι. καὶ οὕτω ὁ Δίδυμος. 

Translation (En)

Paianes "paeans": from pausō, pauōn "to make to end", and with change of [u] into [i]. So says Didymus.

Comment

Derivational etymology: the paean is a song of victory, therefore follows the end of the battle. Alternatively, the etymology could suit the name of the god Paian, who, as a healing god, brings the pain to an end. In the Parallels below, the etymologies of the proper name and the common noun are not distinguished

Parallels

Orion, Etymologicum, pi, p. 133 (Παιών. ὁ παύων τὰς νόσους. τροπῇ δὲ τοῦ υ εἰς ι, Παιών); Hésychius, Lexicon, omega 228 (ὦναξ Παιών· ὦ βασιλεῦ, ὁ κακὰ παύων Ἀπόλλων); Lexicon artis grammaticae (e cod. Coislin 345), p. 429, 18 (Παιάν: εἶδος ᾠδῆς, ἀπὸ τοῦ παύειν τὴν μανίαν); Choeroboscus, Περὶ ποσότητος, p. 318, 8 (Τὰ παρὰ τὸ παιὰν διὰ τοῦ αι γράφεται· οἷον, παιανικός· παιανισμός· εἴρηται δὲ παιὰν ὁ ὕμνος παρὰ τὸ παύειν τὰς ἀνίας); Lexica Segueriana, Glossae Rhetoricae, pi, p.295, 33 (Παιάν: ὕμνος εἰς Ἀπόλλωνα ἐπὶ λοιμῷ, γενόμενος παίων τις ἀπὸ τοῦ παύσασθαι. καταχρηστικῶς δὲ καὶ εἰς ἄλλον θεόν τινα ὕμνος, ἐπί τινι ἔργῳ κατωρθωμένῳ λεγόμενος); Eustathius, Comm. Il., vol. I, p. 212, 2 (ἔστι δὲ παιήων ὕμνος τις, φασίν, εἰς Ἀπόλλωνα οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ παύσει λοιμοῦ, ὡς ἄρτι, ᾀδόμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ παύσει πολέμου, ὡς ἐν τοῖς ὕστερον φανήσεται παρ’ αὐτῷ τῷ ποιητῇ· πολλάκις δὲ καὶ προσδοκωμένου τινὸς δεινοῦ ᾀδόμενος. καὶ ὁ μὲν ποιητὴς παιήονα τοῦτον καλεῖ· οἱ δὲ μετ’ αὐτὸν καὶ παιῶνα, ἐξ οὗ καὶ ῥῆμα παιωνίζειν. ἔτι δὲ καὶ παιᾶνα, ἐξ οὗ καὶ οἱ παιᾶνες καὶ τὸ τούτου ῥῆμα παιανίζειν. γίνονται δὲ αἱ τοιαῦται λέξεις ἐκ τοῦ παίω, τὸ θεραπεύω, αὐτὸ δὲ ἐκ τοῦ παύω τροπῇ τοῦ διχρόνου εἰς δίχρονον, ἐπεὶ ἐπὶ καταπαύσει κακοῦ τινος ὁ τοιοῦτος ὕμνος ἐξεύρηται); Etym. Magnum, Kallierges, p. 657, 11 (Εἴρηται οὖν ἀπὸ τοῦ παύω παυὰν καὶ παιὰν, τροπῇ τοῦ υ εἰς ι, ὁ καταπαύων ὕμνος τὸν λοιμόν. Καὶ πάλιν ἀπὸ τοῦ παύω παιὼν, ὁ παύων τὰς νόσους καὶ τὰ λυποῦντα· καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ η, γίνεται παιήων. Παιὼν δέ ἐστι καὶ ἔθνος Θρᾳκικόν, ὃ Παννονίους φασί· νῦν δὲ Μακεδόνας); Ps.-Zonaras, Lexicon, pi, p. 1497, 5 (Παιήων. ὁ τῶν θεῶν ἰατρός. ἀπὸ τοῦ παύω Παιὼν, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ η Παιήων); Sch. in Aristophanem, Plutus, 636b alpha (ὁ παιὰν ὕμνος ἦν εἰς Ἀπόλλω οὐ μόνον ἐπὶ παύσει λ<ο>ιμοῦ ᾀδόμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ παύσει πολέμου, πολλάκις δὲ καὶ προσδοκωμένου δεινοῦ ᾀδόμενος. καὶ ὁ μὲν ποιητὴς “παιήονα” τοῦτον καλεῖ, οἱ δὲ μετ’ αὐτὸν καὶ “παιῶνα”. ἐξ οἱ δὲ μετ’ αὐτὸν καὶ “παιῶνα”. ἐξ οὗ ῥῆμα “παιωνίζειν”. ἔστι δὲ καὶ “παιᾶνα”, ἐξ οὗ καὶ οἱ “παιᾶνες”, καὶ τὸ τούτου ῥῆμα “παιανίζειν”. γίνονται δὲ αἱ τοιαῦται λέξεις ἐκ τοῦ “παίω”, τὸ θεραπεύω, αὐτὸ δὲ ἐκ τοῦ “παύω”, τροπῇ τοῦ διχρόνου εἰς δίχρονον, ἐπεὶ ἐπὶ καταπαύσει λ<ο>ιμοῦ τινος ὁ τοιοῦτος ὕμνος ἐξεύρητο. ἔστι δὲ καὶ “Παιήων” ὄνομα ἰατροῦ τοῦ παρὰ θεοῖς. ἐτυμολογεῖται δὲ καὶ αὐτὸ ὁμοίως, ἐπεὶ θεραπευτικὸν καὶ καταπαυστικὸν κακοῦ τὸ τῶν Ἀσκληπιάδων γένος. τὸν δὲ τοιοῦτον ἰατρὸν “Παιήονα” τινὲς τὸν αὐτὸν εἶναι νομίζουσι τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι. ὡς δὲ “παίω παιήσω” ἐπὶ τοῦ τύπτω, κατὰ τὸ “τοιαῖσδε σφενδόναις παιήσομεν” (“Nub.” 1125), οὕτως ἴσως καὶ “παίω  παιήσω” ἐπὶ θεραπείας <ἐξ> οὗ κατὰ συστολὴν “παιάων” καὶ κατὰ κατὰ συστολὴν “παιάων” καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν “παιάν” (lege “παιών”) Chis παιῶνος: ἔστι “παίω” τὸ θεραπεύω, ἐξ οὗ γίνεται “Παιάων”, ὡς Μαχάων, καὶ δηλοῖ τὸν θεραπευτικόν. τοῦτο τρέψαν μὲν τὸ “α” εἰς “η” γίνεται “Παιήων”. καὶ κατὰ συγκοπὴν γίνεται “Παιάν”, ὡς Ἀλκμάων Ἀλκμὰν καὶ Ἀμυθάων Ἀμυθὰν παρὰ Πινδάρῳ. τὸ δὲ “α” συγκοπέν, [ὃ] γίνεται ὁ “Παιών”, ὡς ἐνταῦθα. Chis); Sch. in Aristophanem, Plutus, 636b beta (παιὰν μὲν ὕμνος ἐστὶν εἰς Ἀπόλλωνα ἐπὶ παύσει λοιμοῦ ᾀδόμενος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ παύσει πολέμου, πολλάκις δὲ καὶ προσδοκωμένου δεινοῦ. καὶ “παιανίζειν” ῥῆμα ἀπὸ τούτου, τὸ παιᾶνα ᾄδειν. καὶ γίνεται ἀπὸ τοῦ παιᾶνα ᾄδειν. καὶ γίνεται ἀπὸ τοῦ “παύω” “παυὰν” καὶ “παιάν”. “Παιὼν” δὲ ὁ καὶ “Παιήων”, ὁ ἰατρὸς καὶ θεραπευτὴς τῶν νοσημάτων. καὶ γίνεται ἐκ τοῦ “παίω” τὸ θεραπεύω, “Παίων” καὶ “Παιάων” ὡς Μαχάων, καὶ κατὰ τροπὴν τοῦ “α” εἰς “η”, “Παιήων”, καὶ αὖθις κατὰ συγκοπὴν “Παιών”. Reg); Schol. Od. δ 232c Pontani (Παιήονος] ἰατρὸς οὗτος ἄριστος. ἐκ τοῦ “παύω” “Παιών”, καὶ πλεονασμῷ τοῦ η “Παιήων”); Geneva Schol. Iliadem I, 473 (παιήων ὕμνος ἐπὶ καταπαύσει λοιμοῦ ᾀδόμενος παρὰ τὸ παύω)

Modern etymology

Older παιᾱϝων, παιήϝων. Unknown etymology (Beekes, EDG)

Persistence in Modern Greek

MG still has παιάνας "victory hymn", as a learned word

Entry By

Arthur de Tocqueville